Table 2.
Baseline, 12-week follow-up, and difference in primary and secondary outcomes in the control and intervention groups.
| Control (n = 14) | Intervention (n = 16) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 12 Weeks | Difference | Baseline | 12 Weeks | Difference | |
| HOMA2-IR | 2.7 ± 1.2 | 3.6 ± 2.0 | 0.9 ± 1.3* | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 3.3 ± 2.0 | −0.01 ± 0.8* |
| HOMA2-Beta | 71.5 ± 44.7 | 70 ± 54.3 | −1.5 ± 50.1 | 89.0 ± 76.5 | 93.2 ± 65.8 | 4.2 ± 47.2 |
| HbA1c | 8.3 ± 1.6 | 8.3 ± 1.7 | 0.1 ± 1.5 | 8.2 ± 1.8 | 7.7 ± 1.9 | −0.6 ± 0.9 |
| Weight | 118.9 ± 36.2 | 117.2 ± 37.4 | −0.9 ± 5.0 | 116.9 ± 42.0 | 113.3 ± 43.6 | −3.6 ± 11.0 |
| sBP | 145.4 ± 15.7 | 143.6 ± 21.1 | −2.7 ± 27.6 | 137.5 ± 18.6 | 132.6 ± 16.2 | −4.9 ± 17.4 |
| dBP | 86.7 ± 13.4 | 86.6 ± 16.1 | −0.5 ± 19.9 | 86.0 ± 11.6 | 83.2 ± 9.6 | −2.8 ± 12.8 |
| EVS | 61.8 ± 75.6 | 31.4 ± 44.2† | −30.4 ± 86.5 | 230 ± 590.6 | 302.1 ± 824.4† | 71.5 ± 247.1 |
*
Mann Whitney U-Test (control vs. intervention) p = 0.019.
†
Mann Whitney U-Test (control vs. intervention) p = 0.044.
For each outcome variables mean ± SD measured at baseline and 12 weeks and calculated average difference between baseline and 12 weeks.
HOMA, Homeostatic Model Assessment; IR, Insulin Resistance; Beta, estimate of pancreatic beta cell function; EVS, Exercise Vital Signs (minutes of exercise per week); HbA1c, Glycated Hemoglobin; sBP, Systolic Blood Pressure; dBP, Diastolic Blood Pressure.