Table 5.
Vital signs and laboratory results of COVID-19 cases according to the treatment setting (N=3515)
| Variable | Normal range | Hospitalised (n=433) |
Non-hospitalised (n=2913) |
P value | All cases (N=3515) |
| Vital signs | |||||
| Temperature, oral (°C) median (IQR) | 36.5–37.5 | 37.7 (37.0–38.4) | 37.2 (36.8–37.8) | <0.001* | 37.2 (36.8–37.9) |
| <37.5, n (%) | 184 (43.9) | 1723 (63.1) | 1907 (100) | ||
| 37.5–38.0, n (%) | 90 (21.5) | 547 (20.0) | 637 (100) | ||
| 38.1–39.0, n (%) | 113 (27.0) | 387 (14.2) | 500 (100) | ||
| >39.0 | 32 (7.6) | 75 (2.7) | 107 (100) | ||
| HR (beats/min), mean±SD | 60–100 | 96.9 (17.0) | 93.5 (15.2) | <0.001* | 94.0 (15.5) |
| RR (breaths/min), mean±SD | 12–20 | 19.7 (2.5) | 19.5 (2.1) | 0.418 | 19.5 (2.2) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean±SD | 90–120 | 127.4 (15.7) | 124.5 (14.6) | 0.001* | 124.9 (14.7) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg), mean±SD | 60–80 | 80.0 (9.5) | 79.7 (9.2) | 0.604 | 79.8 (9.2) |
| Oxygen saturation (%), mean±SD | 95–100 | 98.1 (1.7) | 98.7 (1.0) | <0.001* | 98.6 (1.1) |
| Laboratory results | |||||
| Haemoglobin (g/L), mean±SD | 138–172 | 138 (18) | 142 (16) | 0.006* | 141 (16) |
| Lymphocytes (×103/µL), median (IQR) | 1.1–3.2 | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 1.8 (1.3–2.4) | <0.001* | 1.7 (1.3–2.3) |
| Neutrophils (×103/µL), median (IQR) | 1.8–6.3 | 2.9 (2.0–4.6) | 2.6 (1.9–3.7) | 0.035* | 2.7 (1.9–3.8) |
| Platelets (×109/L), median (IQR) | 125–350 | 215 (184–266) | 223 (188–273) | 0.196 | 223 (188–273) |
| CRP (mg/L), median (IQR) | <3 | 20.1 (5.0–61.2) | 4.6 (1.7–11.5) | <0.001* | 5.0 (1.9–13.8) |
| Sodium (mmol/L), mean±SD | 137–147 | 138.0 (3.1) | 139.5 (2.8) | <0.001* | 139.4 (2.9) |
| Potassium (mmol/L), mean±SD | 3.5–5.3 | 4.4 (0.5) | 4.3 (0.4) | 0.127 | 4.2 (0.4) |
| Urea (mmol/L), mean±SD | 2.5–7.1 | 4.2 (1.8) | 4.0 (1.4) | 0.096 | 4.0 (1.4) |
| Creatinine (µmol/L), mean±SD | 57–111 | 76.0 (24.0) | 74.4 (23.0) | 0.474 | 74.6 (23.0) |
| ALT (U/L), median (IQR) | 9–50 | 31.7 (23.0–50.0) | 27.0 (18.5–42.0) | 0.002 | 27.9 (19.0–43.0) |
| AST (U/L), median (IQR) | 15–40 | 35.0 (26.0–46.0) | 27.0 (21.0–35.0) | <0.001* | 27.0 (21.0–36.0) |
| Total bilirubin (µmol/L), median (IQR) | 5–21 | 8.0 (6.2–11.5) | 8.0 (5.7–10.9) | 0.438 | 8.0 (5.8–11.0) |
| Albumin (g/L), mean±SD | 40–55 | 42.3 (4.0) | 45.0 (3.4) | <0.001* | 44.7 (3.5) |
| Total protein (g/L), mean±SD | 60–83 | 74.3 (5.7) | 76.8 (5.0) | <0.001* | 76.5 (5.1) |
| Vital signs | |||||
| Temperature, oral (°C) median (IQR) | 36.5–37.5 | 37.7 (37.0–38.4) | 37.2 (36.8–37.8) | <0.001* | 37.2 (36.8–37.9) |
Missing data: temperature (n=203), HR (n=686), RR (n=1800), systolic blood pressure (n=867), diastolic blood pressure (n=867) and oxygen saturation (n=632).
*Indicates statistically significant value.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CRP, C reactive protein; HR, heart rate; RR, respiratory rate.