Table 1 |.

CUD diagnostic criteria in DSM and ICD description of Cannabis dependence

Broad domain	DSM-5 CUD ‘diagnostic criteria’4	ICD-11 Cannabis dependence ‘description’5
Impaired control	1a Cannabis is taken in larger amounts or over longer periods than intended	“Cannabis dependence is a disorder of regulation of cannabis use arising from repeated or continuous use of cannabis. The characteristic feature is a strong internal drive to use cannabis, which is manifested by impaired ability to control use...”
	2a There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful attempts to cut down or control cannabis use
	3a A great deal of time spent in activities necessary to obtain cannabis, use cannabis or recover from its effects	“...increasing priority given to use over other activities.”
	4 Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use cannabis	“These experiences are often accompanied by a subjective sensation of urge or craving to use cannabis.”
Increasing priority resulting in social and physical risk	5 Recurrent cannabis use resulting in a failure to fulfil major role obligations at work, school or home	“...and persistence of use despite harm or negative consequences.”
	6 Continued cannabis use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of cannabis	“...and persistence of use despite harm or negative consequences.”
	7a Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced because of cannabis use	“...increasing priority given to use over other activities...”
	8 Recurrent cannabis use in situations in which it is physically hazardous	“...and persistence of use despite harm or negative consequences.”
	9a Cannabis use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by cannabis	“...and persistence of use despite harm or negative consequences.”
Physiological dependence	10a Tolerance, as evidenced by a markedly diminished effect	“Physiological features of dependence may also be present, including tolerance to the effects of cannabis, withdrawal symptoms following cessation or reduction in use of cannabis, or repeated use of cannabis or pharmacologically similar substances to prevent or alleviate withdrawal symptoms.”
	11a Withdrawal syndrome, or drinking to prevent withdrawal

DSM-5 CUD severity: 2–3 symptoms indicates mild CUD; 4–5 symptoms indicated moderate CUD; and ≥6 symptoms indicates severe CUD. DSM-5 Specifiers: early remission is defined as 3–12 months without CUD and sustained remission is defined as >12 months without CUD. CUD, cannabis use disorder; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; ICD, International Classification of Disease.

^aDSM-IV-TR dependence criteria.