Figure 3.

Co-Infected Mice Exhibit Higher Intestinal and Systemic C. rodentium Burdens

(A) C57BL/6 mice were infected with P. chabaudi-RBCs and/or with C. rodentium. On 7 dpi and throughout the period of mortality (days 9–14), colon, cecum, spleen and liver samples were harvested for further analyses. C. rodentium colonization was determined by plating homogenized tissue samples on agar containing nalidixic acid. Each symbol represents an individual mouse and bars denote group means. Results are representative of four independent experiments (n = 12–36 mice/group/time point).

(B) Cecum samples were fixed and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The inflammation scores were then evaluated. Each symbol represents an individual mouse and bars denote group means. Results are representative of three independent experiments (n = 4–6 mice/group/time point).

(C) Representative photomicrographs depicting hematoxylin and eosin staining of cecum (magnification, ×50). Scale bar, 100 μm.

(D) Albumin levels in intestinal contents were assayed by ELISA. Each symbol represents an individual mouse, and bars denote group means. Results are representative of two independent experiments (n = 4–12 mice/group/time point).

(E) C. rodentium colonization was determined by plating homogenized tissue samples on agar containing nalidixic acid. Each symbol represents an individual mouse and bars denote group means. Data shown are representative of four experiments (n = 12–36 mice/group/time point). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney test (^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001).