Figure 4.

Co-infection with C. rodentium Reduces Systemic Inflammatory Cytokine Responses Compared with Single Infection with P. chabaudi

C57BL/6 mice were infected with P. chabaudi-RBCs and/or with C. rodentium. On 7 dpi and throughout the period of mortality (days 9–14), serum samples were collected and cytokine levels were assayed. Bars represent group means ± SEM. Data shown are representative of two independent experiments (n = 4–17 mice/group/time point). Statistical significance was determined by Mann-Whitney test (^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, and ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001).