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. 2021 Oct 20;2(1):453–460. doi: 10.1089/neur.2021.0031

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Pre-training IGF-2 enhances fear extinction in sham, but not CCI, mice. (A) Experimental timeline. Summary data (n = 7 per group) demonstrating that although (B) systemic IGF-2 administration does not improve fear memory tested at 24 h, it (C) facilitates the extinction of fear memory in sham-operated control mice. (D) Representative images of cresyl violet–stained sections from a sham and chronic CCI-injured animal. (E) Summary data (n = 7 per group) demonstrating that systemic IGF-2 administration does not improve fear memory in CCI-injured mice tested 4 months after injury. (F) In contrast to that observed in sham controls, systemic administration of IGF-2 to chronic CCI mice does not improve extinction of fear memory. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05. CCI, controlled cortical impact; CFC, contextual fear conditioning; IGF-2, insulin-like growth factor-2; SEM, standard error of the mean.