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. 2021 Nov 25;15:767302. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.767302

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

taVNS delivered during robotic therapy extension movements significantly reduced spasticity for the active taVNS group (N = 16) compared to sham (N = 17) at discharge (mean raw change score ± SEM), but not follow-up (data not shown). Lower (more negative) scores indicate a greater reduction in spasticity. (A) MTS Wrist/Hand change score at discharge was significantly reduced for the active group (*P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney U-test, U = 77.0; sham = + 0.17 ± 0.26, active = –0.79 ± 0.31). (B) MTS shoulder change score at discharge approached a significant difference for the active taVNS group (P = 0.051, U = 88.50, Mann-Whitney U-test, sham = –0.25 ± 0.24, active = –0.72 ± 0.25).