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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Dec 9.
Published in final edited form as: Stroke. 2019 Dec 10;51(1):54–60. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027039

Table 2.

Predictors of Stroke Survivor and Caregiver Depressive Symptoms

Stroke Survivor Analysis Family Caregiver Analysis
Predictor Estimate Standard Error P Estimate Standard Error P
Intercept 7.231 2.934 0.0146 5.087 2.854 0.0763
Stroke Survivor Age (centered at 75) −0.300 0.095 0.0018 0.177 0.092 0.0567
Caregiver Age (centered at 60) 0.148 0.066 0.0264 −0.071 0.064 0.2725
Stroke Survivor Sex (Female vs. Male) 1.698 1.771 0.3388 2.316 1.724 0.1805
Family Caregiver Sex (Female vs. Male) 0.227 1.558 0.8844 1.949 1.516 0.2001
Race (African American vs. White) −1.615 1.299 0.2153 −0.722 1.264 0.5687
Stroke Survivor Education (less than high school vs. college graduate) 4.757 2.050 0.0214 −0.074 1.994 0.9705
Stroke Survivor Education (high school graduate vs. college graduate −1.283 1.609 0.4261 −4.700 1.565 0.0030
Stroke Survivor Education (some college vs. college graduate) −0.206 1.494 0.8903 −4.600 1.453 0.0018
Caregiver Education (less than high school vs. college graduate) 0.255 2.570 0.9212 4.065 2.500 0.1057
Caregiver Education (high school graduate vs. college graduate −0.889 1.583 0.5750 3.356 1.540 0.0305
Caregiver Education (some college vs. college graduate) 1.816 1.455 0.2135 4.651 1.415 0.0012
Living situation (Co-residing vs. Separate residences) −3.390 1.765 0.0563 −2.065 1.717 0.2308
Relationship (Spouse vs. Non-Spouse caregiver) −2.248 2.669 0.4008 6.235 2.600 0.0173
Total Number of ADL, IADL, Memory, or Behavior Problems 0.603 0.100 <0.0001 0.620 0.097 <0.0001
Positive Aspects of Caregiving −0.107 0.174 0.5412 −0.821 0.170 <0.0001