TABLE 7.

Outcomes of direct effects of path coefficients among the constructs.

Paths	Total sample		China		Pakistan
	β-coefficient	t-values	β-coefficient	t-values	β-coefficient	t-values
ATSE - > SEI	0.34	12.84	0.32	9.68	0.36	8.71
PED - > SEI	0.14	5.03	0.12	3.55	0.19	4.79
PEF - > SEI	0.46	15.29	0.51	13.27	0.37	7.78
ENV - > ATSE	0.38	9.34	0.36	6.84	0.37	6.34
EXTR - > ATSE	0.08	3.08	0.06	1.73	0.15	4.14
INTR - > ATSE	0.40	9.51	0.42	7.73	0.38	6.87
EXTR - > PED	–0.01	0.38	–0.08	2.24	0.17	4.62
INTR - > PED	0.31	8.08	0.36	6.82	0.19	4.64
JSEC - > PED	0.50	14.05	0.45	8.85	0.54	13.08
INTR - > PEF	0.37	13.37	0.44	10.31	0.32	8.57
GSE - > PEF	0.29	10.07	0.24	5.26	0.29	7.44
JSEC - > PEF	0.27	8.71	0.25	6.17	0.35	9.11

Significant standards: t-value > 1.96.