Table 2.
Severity of neuropsychiatric and non-motor symptoms between groups across the ALS-FTD spectrum.
| ALSpure | ALSci | ALSbi | ALScbi | bvFTD | ALS-FTD | F | p | Post-hoc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mood changes | 21.47 (14.23) | 21.94 (15.83) | 36.72 (15.12) | 34.09 (20.23) | 31.16 (20.29) | 30.60 (16.98) | 3.217 | 0.008 | bvFTD > ALSpure |
| Sleep changes | 38.64 (24.53) | 30.11 (26.35) | 46.67 (31.15) | 50.00 (27.18) | 41.84 (31.15) | 36.49 (28.16) | 1.174 | 0.323 | - |
| Eating changes | 19.23 (15.50) | 11.81 (6.59) | 23.61 (13.18) | 28.47 (15.34) | 43.57 (26.88) | 38.02 (23.05) | 16.781a | <0.001 | bvFTD, ALS-FTD > ALSpure, ALSci |
| bvFTD > ALSbi | |||||||||
| Abnormal behaviors | 10.58 (6.99) | 11.39 (7.63) | 23.40 (12.45) | 28.13 (26.70) | 38.24 (22.99) | 29.28 (20.00) | 22.828a | <0.001 | bvFTD, ALS-FTD > ALSpure, ALSci |
| bvFTD > ALSbi | |||||||||
| ALSbi > ALSpure | |||||||||
| Stereotypic behaviors | 15.18 (11.28) | 10.16 (5.73) | 33.85 (22.53) | 35.00 (15.65) | 48.76 (27.53) | 45.12 (26.22) | 30.172a | <0.001 | bvFTD, ALS-FTD, ALScbi > ALSpure, ALSci |
| ALSbi > ALSci | |||||||||
| Reduced motivation | 12.57 (10.94) | 12.50 (7.23) | 43.46 (22.02) | 49.13 (26.51) | 60.55 (30.53) | 49.86 (29.08) | 46.599a | <0.001 | bvFTD, ALS-FTD, ALScbi, ALSbi > ALSpure, ALSci |
Means (Standard Deviation).
a
Welch's F value.
ALSbi, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with behavioral impairment; ALSci, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with cognitive impairment; ALScbi, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with combined cognitive and behavioral impairment; ALSpure, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with no cognitive or behavioral impairment; ALS-FTD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia-motor neuron disease; bvFTD, behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia; CBI-R, the revised Cambridge behavioral Inventory.