Table 2.
Factors associated with post‐COVID‐19 FGIDs (including irritable bowel syndrome, uninvestigated dyspepsia, and their overlap)
| Parameters | FGID present (n = 26) | No FGID (n = 254) | P values |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year, median, IQR) | 38 (31.8–45) | 35 (26–52) | 0.69 |
| Gender (male) | 19 (73.1%) | 185 (72.8%) | 1 |
| Diet (vegetarian) | 0 (0%) | 22 (8.7%) | 0.24 |
| Presence of comorbidity | 12 (46.2%) | 86 (33.9%) | 0.3 |
| Addiction (alcohol, tobacco) | 5 (20%) | 33 (15.1%) | 0.55 |
| Severity of COVID‐19 | |||
| Mild | 16 (61.5%) | 103 (40.6%) | |
| Moderate | 8 (30.8%) | 25 (9.8%) | <0.001 |
| Severe | 0 (0%) | 12 (4.7%) | |
| Asymptomatic | 2 (7.7%) | 114 (44.9%) | |
| GI symptoms † | |||
| Absent | 4 (15.4%) | 140 (55.1%) | <0.001 |
| Anorexia with other GI symptoms | 13 (50%) | 58 (22.8%) | |
| Anorexia only | 9 (34.6%) | 39 (15.4%) | |
| Other GI symptoms only | 0 (0%) | 17 (6.7%) | |
| Presence of anosmia | 15 (57.7%) | 72 (28.6%) | 0.005 |
| Presence of ageusia | 15 (57.7%) | 84 (33.3%) | 0.024 |
| Presence of CBD, dyspepsia at 1 month | |||
| No | 4 (15.4%) | 233 (91.7%) | |
| CBD | 14 (53.8%) | 2 (0.8%) | <0.001 |
| Dyspeptic symptoms | 5 (19.2%) | 11 (4.3%) | |
| Overlap | 3 (11.5%) | 8 (3.1%) | |
| Presence of CBD, dyspepsia at 3 months | |||
| No | 4 (15.4%) | 237 (93.3%) | |
| CBD | 19 (73.1%) | 5 (2%) | <0.001 |
| Dyspeptic symptoms | 1 (3.8%) | 5 (2%) | |
| Overlap | 2 (7.7%) | 7 (2.8%) | |
CBD, chronic bowel dysfunction; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease‐19; FGID, functional gastrointestinal disorders; GI, gastrointestinal.
†
Because anorexia is a common and non‐specific symptom during any viral illness, those who had anorexia as the only GI symptom (n = 48, 17%) were separately grouped.