Table 1.
Selected studies on HAIC versus sorafenib as the first-line treatment for advanced HCC.
| Group | Study Type/Characteristics | Patient Number | Regimen | CP-B (%) | HBV (%) | PVT (%) | EHS (%) | ORR (%) | OS (Months) |
p-Value (OS) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Song et al. [28] | Retrospective PVT |
50 | Cisplatin 60 mg/m2, Day 2 5-FU 500 mg/m2, Days 1–3 +/− Epirubicin 35 mg/m2, Day 1 (every 3–4 weeks) |
10.0 | 88.0 | 100 | 13.0 | 24.0 | 7.1 | 0.011 |
| 60 | Sorafenib | 21.7 | 68.3 | 100 | 35.0 | 13.3 | 5.5 | |||
| Hatooka et al. [27] | Retrospective Refractory to TACE |
65 | Cisplatin 6 mg/m2, Days 1–5, 8–12 5-FU 300 mg/m2, Days 1–5, 8–12 * (every 4 weeks) |
0 | 23.1 | 35.4 (Vp3–4) |
0 | 12.0 | 8.0 | 0.021 |
| 58 | Sorafenib | 0 | 22.4 | 10.3 (Vp3–4) |
0 | 6.0 | 15.0 | |||
| Moriguchi et al. [22] | Retrospective Vp3–4 |
32 | Cisplatin 10 mg/m2, Day 1; 5-FU 250 mg/m2, Days 1–5 (weekly for 4 weeks, then only Day 1 per week) |
0 | 37.5 | 100 | 21.9 | 31.3 | 10.3 | 0.009 |
| 14 | Sorafenib | 0 | 28.6 | 100 | 35.7 | 0 | 4.0 | |||
| Nakano et al. [23] | Retrospective With MVI, without EHS |
44 | Cisplatin 50 mg/m2 in 5–10 mL lipiodol, Day 1 5-FU 1500 mg/m2 for 5 day for 2 weeks then cisplatin 25–30 mg/m2 + 5FU 500–1000 mg/m2 (ever 2 weeks) |
0 | 14.0 | 100 | 0 | 71.0 | 30.4 | <0.001 |
| 20 | Sorafenib | 0 | 25.0 | 100 | 0 | 10.0 | 13.2 | |||
| Kodama et al. [25] | Retrospective No EHS |
150 | Cisplatin 6 mg/m2, Days 1–5, 8–12 5-FU 300 mg/m2, Days 1–5, 8–12 (every 4 weeks) |
0 | 25.3 | 73.3 | 0 | 32.0 | 10.0 | 0.007 |
| 134 | Sorafenib | 0 | 16.4 | 29.1 | 0 | 4.0 | 19.0 | |||
| Lyu et al. [24] | Retrospective HAIC for patients who refused sorafenib |
180 | mFOLFOX 6 (HAIC) (every 3 weeks) |
0 | 86.7 | 54.4 | 60 | 29.4 | 14.5 | <0.001 |
| 232 | Sorafenib | 0 | 80.2 | 55.6 | 58.6 | 3.0 | 7.0 | |||
| Kondo et al. [26] | Randomized Phase 2 (CP-A to B7) |
35 | Cisplatin 65 mg/m2, Day 1 (every 4–6 weeks) |
11.4 | 8.6 | 60.0 | 28.6 | 14.3 | 10.0 | 0.780 |
| 33 | Sorafenib | 12.1 | 12.1 | 66.7 | 24.2 | 9.1 | 15.2 | |||
| Ahn et al. [38] | Retrospective VP4 |
38 | Cisplatin 60 mg/m2, Day 1 5-FU 500 mg/m2, Days 1–3 |
29.0 | 86.8 | 100 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 10 | 0.150 |
| 35 | Sorafenib | 31.0 | 69.0 | 100 | 46 | 0 | 6.4 | |||
| Ueshima et al. [37] | Retrospective Cohort 1 with MVI, Without EHS |
270 | Cisplatin + 5FU or 5-FU or cisplatin (detail of regimens were not reported) |
36.9 | 23.0 | 100 | 0 | NR | 10.6 | 0.475 |
| 263 | Sorafenib | 16.0 | 21.3 | 100 | 0 | NR | 9.1 | |||
| Zaizen et al. [41] | Retrospective Propensity score-matched |
83 | Cisplatin 65 mg/m2, Day 1 (every 8–12 weeks) |
36.1 | 7.2 | 14 (MVI) |
0 | NR | 15.6 | 0.016 |
| 83 | Sorafenib | 28.9 | 8.4 | 11(MVI) | 0 | NR | 11.0 | |||
| Lyu et al. [35] | Randomized Phase 3 | 130 | mFOLFOX 6 (HAIC) every 3 weeks |
NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 13.9 | <0.001 |
| 132 | Sorafenib | NR | NR | NR | MR | NR | 8.2 |
aHCC: advanced hepatocellular carcinoma; CP: Child–Pugh classification; EHS: extrahepatic spread; HAIC: hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy; HBV: hepatitis B virus; IFN-α: interferon-alpha; MVI: macrovascular invasion; NR: not reported; ORR: overall response rate; OS: overall survival; PVT: portal vein thrombosis; TACE: transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; VP3: right/left portal vein; VP4: main portal vein; 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil. * 57% patients received 5-FU plus IFNα.