Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios for association between handwashing behaviors at home and diarrheal disease outcome.

Behaviors	Diarrhea IncidenceN = 64	No Diarrhea Incidence N = 207	p Value #	OR for Diarrheal Disease	95% CI	p Value	OR a for Diarrheal Disease	95% CI	p Value
Soap type
Liquid	8 (12.5)	46 (22.2)	0.09	0.50	0.21, 1.07	0.09	0.44	0.17, 1.02	0.07
Bar	55 (85.9)	170 (82.1)	0.48	1.33	0.63, 3.09	0.48	1.69	0.75, 4.20	0.22
Handwashing facility
Basin and tap inside toilet	5 (7.8)	39 (18.8)	0.04	0.37	0.12, 0.89	0.04	0.39	0.13, 0.99	0.07
Basin and tap outside toilet	13 (20.3)	74 (35.7)	0.02	0.46	0.23, 0.87	0.03	0.48	0.23, 0.95	0.04
Water in tub with mug inside	33 (51.6)	105 (50.7)	0.91	1.03	0.59, 1.82	0.91	1.03	0.57, 1.85	0.93
Water in tub with mug outside	16 (25.0)	20 (9.7)	0.002	3.12	1.49, 6.46	<0.01	3.14	1.43, 6.86	<0.01
Hand drying method
Clean cloth	9 (14.1)	89 (42.9)	<0.001	0.22	0.09, 0.44	<0.001	0.28	0.12, 0.59	0.001
Multi-purpose rag	45 (70.3)	97 (46.9)	0.001	2.68	1.49, 4.99	<0.01	1.82	0.96, 3.55	0.07
Air dry	3 (4.7)	27 (13.0)	0.06	0.33	0.08, 0.97	0.08	0.48	0.11, 1.52	0.26
Wipe on clothes	10 (15.6)	48 (23.2)	0.20	0.61	0.28, 1.25	0.20	0.72	0.31, 1.51	0.40
Barriers to handwashing
Too busy	50 (78.1)	177 (85.5)	0.16	0.61	0.30, 1.26	0.16	0.69	0.34, 1.50	0.34
No soap	1 (1.6)	2 (0.9)	0.56	1.63	0.07, 17.26	0.69	1.18	0.05, 13.35	0.89
Too tired	13 (20.3)	34 (16.4)	0.47	1.29	0.62, 2.59	0.47	0.89	0.40, 1.88	0.77
Forgot	18 (28.1)	17 (8.2)	<0.001	4.35	2.08, 9.17	<0.001	3.91	1.75, 8.83	<0.001

^# Results from Chi-square test/Fisher test, ^a adjusted for child age, BMI, mothers education, monthly household income.