Table 4.
Phase | Average Speed (cm/s) | 95% Ellipse Area (cm2) | Normalized Maximum Displacement | SD of Displacement | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anterior-Posterior | Medial-Lateral | Anterior-Posterior | Medial-Lateral | ||||
rising | PRE | 9.650 ± 2.335 | 1.700 ± 0.731 | 0.200 ± 0.088 | 0.083 ± 0.032 | 0.083 ± 0.032 | 0.034 ± 0.010 |
POST | 8.474 ± 0.895 | 1.626 ± 0.622 | 0.181 ± 0.067 | 0.070 ± 0.023 | 0.077 ± 0.032 | 0.030 ± 0.009 | |
Effect size | 0.24 | 0.47 | 0.19 | 0.47 | 0.19 | 0.42 | |
pre-equilibrium | PRE | 9.440 ± 3.041 | 1.303 ± 1.071 | 0.132 ± 0.043 | 0.078 ± 0.042 | 0.063 ± 0.025 | 0.030 ± 0.015 |
POST | 8.220 ± 1.434 | 0.917 ± 0.461 | 0.119 ± 0.045 | 0.063 ± 0.023 | 0.054 ± 0.022 | 0.023 ± 0.008 | |
Effect size | 0.30 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.58 | |
equilibrium | PRE | 8.550 ± 2.737 | 0.726 ± 0.468 | 0.117 ± 0.060 | 0.061± 0.034 | 0.050 ± 0.018 | 0.022 ± 0.009 |
POST | 7.580 ± 1.090 | 0.719 ± 0.441 | 0.114 ± 0.055 | 0.051± 0.016 | 0.051 ± 0.027 | 0.019 ± 0.006 | |
Effect size | 0.05 | 0.38 | 0.04 | 0.38 | 0.04 | 0.39 | |
post-equilibrium | PRE | 8.231 ± 2.666 | 0.638 ± 0.472 | 0.109 ± 0.033 | 0.058 ± 0.029 | 0.048 ± 0.017 | 0.021 ± 0.008 |
POST | 7.564 ± 1.193 | 0.702 ± 0.388 | 0.107 ± 0.037 | 0.052 ± 0.020 | 0.048 ± 0.018 | 0.020 ± 0.008 | |
Effect size | 0.06 | 0.24 | <0.01 | 0.24 | <0.01 | 0.13 | |
lowering | PRE | 10.460 ± 2.616 | 2.543 ± 1.499 | 0.229 ± 0.126 | 0.115 ± 0.048 | 0.094 ± 0.049 | 0.043 ± 0.015 |
POST | 10.268 ± 2.803 | 2.453 ± 1.719 | 0.213 ± 0.102 | 0.114 ± 0.062 | 0.076 ± 0.029 | 0.042 ± 0.019 | |
Effect size | 0.14 | 0.02 | 0.45 | 0.02 | 0.45 | 0.06 |
COP: center of pressure; SD: standard deviation; PRE: pre-training; POST: post-training; values in bold of difference between test-time indicate significant differences (p < 0.05); 0.5 ≤ Effect size < 0.8: medium effect; Effect size ≥ 0.8: large effect.