Table 3.
Pre- and post-operative outcomes.
| Preoperative Status | Postoperative Status (Last Follow-Up) | Absolute Improvement | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | ±SD | Median | (Range) | Mean | ±SD | Median | (Range) | Mean | ±SD | Median | (Range) | |
| SANE score | 37.6 | ±22.2 | 30.0 | (0.0–90.0) | 82.4 | ±16.9 | 90.0 | (20.0–100.0) | 45.1 | ±25.6 | 45.0 | (0.0–100.0) |
| Constant score | 25.7 | ±15.0 | 24.0 | (0.0–62.4) | 70.8 | ±16.4 | 74.2 | (24.0–99.2) | 45.2 | ±20.2 | 47.1 | (0.0–83.0) |
| Strength | 2.4 | ±4.3 | 0.0 | (0.0–17.6) | 11.5 | ±6.2 | 11.0 | (0.0–25.0) | 9.7 | ±6.4 | 9.9 | (0.0–25.0) |
| Mobility | 12.8 | ±10.7 | 10.0 | (0.0–40.0) | 31.5 | ±7.3 | 32.0 | (8.0–40.0) | 18.6 | ±11.6 | 19.5 | (0.0–40.0) |
| Pain | 4.8 | ±3.2 | 4.0 | (0.0–15.0) | 12.0 | ±3.8 | 14.0 | (0.0–15.0) | 7.3 | ±4.3 | 7.0 | (0.0–15.0) |
| Activity | 6.2 | ±3.5 | 6.0 | (0.0–15.0) | 16.1 | ±4.3 | 18.0 | (0.0–20.0) | 10.0 | ±5.3 | 10.0 | (0.0–20.0) |
| ASES score | 32.6 | ±16.2 | 32.5 | (0.0–82.0) | 81.1 | ±19.8 | 87.0 | (13.0–100.0) | 48.2 | ±23.8 | 50.0 | (0.0–100.0) |
| Pain | 18.5 | ±11.4 | 15.0 | (0.0–50.0) | 42.6 | ±10.1 | 45.0 | (10.0–50.0) | 24.5 | ±14.4 | 25.0 | (0.0–50.0) |
| Activity | 14.1 | ±8.6 | 13.0 | (0.0–42.0) | 38.4 | ±11.9 | 43.0 | (3.0–50.0) | 24.4 | ±12.8 | 26.5 | (0.0–50.0) |
| VAS Pain * | 64 | ±22 | 70 | (0–100) | 15 | ±20 | 10 | (0–80) | 49 | ±29 | 50 | (0–100) |
SANE, Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation; ASES, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; * A decrease in VAS Pain indicates a good result. A positive improvement is noted if the VAS Pain decreases. All pre- versus post-operative scores were statistically significant (p < 0.001).