Table 2.
Management, complications and outcomes of the 117 patients on invasive mechanical ventilation according to their 90-day survival status.
| Total (N = 117) |
Survivors (N = 85) |
Non-Survivors (N = 32) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Management in ICU | ||||
| Use of non-invasive ventilation before intubation |
16 (13.7) | 12 (14.1) | 4 (12.5) | 0.693 |
| Use of high-flow oxygen before intubation |
69 (59) | 51 (60) | 18 (56.2) | 0.589 |
| Neuromuscular blockade | 113 (96.6) | 82 (96.5) | 31 (96.9) | 0.923 |
| Prone positioning | 99 (84.6) | 72 (84.7) | 27 (84.4) | 0.965 |
| ECMO | 23 (19.7) | 18 (21.2) | 5 (15.6) | 0.501 |
| Vasopressors | 105 (89.7) | 74 (87.1) | 31 (96.9) | 0.122 |
| Renal replacement therapy | 20 (17.1) | 12 (14.1) | 8 (25) | 0.167 |
| Corticosteroids a | 23 (19.7) | 14 (12.0) | 9 (7.7) | 0.157 |
| Hydroxychloroquine (10 days) with azithromycin (5 days) |
45 (38.5%) | 36(42.4) | 9 (28.1) | 0.159 |
| Remdesivir | 0 (0) | 0(0) | 0 (0) | - |
| Lopinavir-ritonavir | 18 (15.4) | 13(15.3) | 5 (15.6) | 0.965 |
| Complications | ||||
| Ventilator associated pneumonia | 71 (60.7) | 53 (62.4) | 18 (56.2) | 0.547 |
| Septic shock | 47 (40.2) | 32 (37.6) | 15 (46.9) | 0.364 |
| Venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism |
35 (29.9) | 29 (34.1) | 6 (18.8) | 0.106 |
| Arterial thrombosis | 10 (8.5) | 4 (4.7) | 6 (18.8) | 0.015 |
| Severe bleeding event | 25 (21.4) | 17 (20) | 8 (25) | 0.556 |
| Outcomes | ||||
| Duration of ventilation (days) | 20 (9–33) | 21 (11–34) | 18 (6.75–25.25) | 0.06 |
| Ventilator-free days at d28 (days) | 2 (1–7) | 4 (1–7) | 0 (0–1) | <0.001 |
| Length of stay in ICU (days) | 29 (17–46) | 33 (19–53) | 21 (6.75–31.75) | 0.02 |
| Length of in hospital (days) | 37 (24–53) | 42 (29–57) | 25 (8.75–38.25) | <0.001 |
| 28-day mortality | 21 (17.9) | 0 (0) | 21 (60) | - |
Results are expressed as n (%) or median (25th–75th percentile). Statistical significance in bold. a Irrespective of the dose and the timing.