Table 2.
Summary of the characteristics of patients who developed submacular hemorrhage after COVID-19 vaccination.
| Eye Number | Age, Years | Gender | Laterality | Underlying Disease | Underlying Ocular History | Type of Vaccination | Number of Vaccination | Interval of Vaccine Inoculation to Symptom Development (Days) |
Treatment | Hematologic Abnormality | Anti-PF4 Antibody | Visual Acuity before Symptom Development * | Visual Acuity at Symptom Development * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 82 | F | OD | HTN DM Hypothyroidism Syphillis |
AMD 53 Anti-VEGF injections (Last 7 days before) |
Pfizer | 1 | 3 | Observation | Not tested | Not tested | 0.2 | 0.02 |
| 2 | 82 | F | OS | HTN DM Hypothyroidism Syphillis |
AMD 53 Anti-VEGF injections (Last 25 months before) |
Pfizer | 1 | 3 | Observation | Not tested | Not tested | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| 3 | 81 | M | OD | HTN Atrial fibrillationCAOD Spinal stenosis HCMP |
Cataract surgery | Pfizer | 1 | 10 | C3F8 | Not tested | Not tested | 0.4 | FC10 |
| 4 | 81 | M | OS | None | Cataract surgery | Pfizer | 2 | 6 | C3F8 | Not tested | Not tested | 0.02 | FC10 |
| 5 | 82 | F | OD | DM HTN Angina |
Cataract surgeryVitrectomy for vitreous hemorrhage | Pfizer | 1 | 3 | Anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab), C3F8 | Not tested | Not tested | 0.15 | 0.04 |
| 6 | 84 | F | OS | Polycystic kidney | AMD23 Anti-VEGF injections (Last 5 months before) | Pfizer | 2 | 15 | Anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab) | Not tested | Not tested | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| 7 | 77 | F | OD | HTN HBV carrier Sigmoid colon cancer on chemotherapy s/p low anterior resection |
Cataract surgery | Pfizer | 1 | 16 | Anti-VEGF (Ranibizumab) | Not tested | Not tested | - | 0.2 |
| 8 | 70 | M | OD | DM | AMD 13 Anti-VEGF injections (Last 4 months before) |
NA | 1 | Within 4 weeks † | Anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab) | Not tested | Not tested | 0.15 | 0.04 |
| 9 | 82 | M | OS | DMHTN | PCV Cataract surgery26 Anti-VEGF injections (Last 7 months before) Photodynamic therapy |
Pfizer | 1 | 14 | Anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab) | Not tested | Not tested | 0.05 | 0.04 |
| 10 | 71 | F | OD | Dyslipidemia | AMD 2 Anti-VEGF injections (Last 6 months before) |
AstraZeneca | 1 | 2 | Anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab) | Not tested | Not tested | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| 11 | 80 | F | OD | DM HTN |
AMD 12 Anti-VEGF injections (Last 15 months before) |
Pfizer | 1 | Within 4 weeks † | Anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab) | Not tested | Not tested | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| 12 | 62 | M | OD | DM | none | AstraZeneca | 1 | Within 4 weeks † | Observation | Not tested | Not tested | 0.3 | 0.3 |
AMD = age-related macular degeneration; CAOD = coronary arterial occlusive disease; DM = diabetes mellitus; F = female; HBV = hepatitis virus B; HCMP = hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; HTN = hypertension; M = male; NA = not available; OD = oculus dexter; OS = oculus sinister; PCV = polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor; * Visual acuity was demonstrated with decimal system. † Patients were unable to report the exact time point of symptom development.