Table 1.
The baseline characteristics of 497 COVID-19 patients who underwent PPV.
| PNX/PNM Group (n = 36) |
Non-PNX/PNM Group (n = 461) |
p-Value a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 61.5 (55.7–71.5) | 65 (57–74) | 0.280 |
| Male, n (%) | 29 (80.5%) | 340 (74%) | |
| Female, n (%) | 7 (19.4%) | 121 (26%) | |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 26.9 (26–29.4) | 27.8 (25.4–31.1) | 0.286 |
| SOFA score *, median (IQR) | 5.5 (3–7.7) | 4 (2–7) | 0.209 |
| APACHE II score *, median (IQR) | 11 (8–18) | 9 (7–16) | 0.394 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Arterial hypertension | 23 (64%) | 248 (53.8%) | 0.423 |
| Other cardiopathies | 7 (19.4%) | 106 (23%) | 0.949 |
| Diabetes | 5 (13.8%) | 74 (16%) | 0.271 |
| Kidney disease (stage 3–5 of CKD) | 1 (2.8%) | 21 (4.5%) | 0.438 |
| Moderate to severe chronic liver disease | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (1.1%) | 0.485 |
| Chronic pulmonary diseases ** | 6 (16.7%) | 58 (12.5%) | 0.582 |
| Neoplasm *** | 3 (8.3%) | 29 (6.3%) | 0.974 |
| Previous surgery in last month | 2 (5.5%) | 12 (2.6%) | 0.396 |
| Previous hospitalization in last six months | 3 (8.3%) | 24 (5.2%) | 0.932 |
| Obesity **** | 11 (30.5%) | 163 (35.4%) | 0.147 |
| Chronic neurological disorders | 0 (0.0%) | 38 (8.2%) | 0.446 |
| Autoimmune disease | 3 (8.3%) | 49 (10.7%) | 0.508 |
| Other chronic disease | 7 (19.4%) | 61 (13.2%) | 0.436 |
| Outcome at 30 days from barotrauma | |||
| Discharged, patients (%) | 19 (52.8%) | 289 (62.6%) | |
| Mortality, patients (%) | 17 (47.2%) | 172 (37.3%) | 0.429 |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; PNX, pneumothorax; PNM, pneumomediastinum; BMI, body mass index; SOFA score, sequential organ failure assessment score; APACHE II score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation. * At hospital admission; ** include COPD, emphysema bullae or bronchial asthma; *** neoplasm in the last 5 years (solid neoplasia/hematological malignancy); **** obesity is defined as BMI > 30 kg/m2; CKD, stages of chronic kidney disease; a chi-square test was performed between the two groups.