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. 2021 Nov 30;21(23):7982. doi: 10.3390/s21237982

Table 1.

The image captioning results of our method and others on the MSCOCO Karpathy test split with cross-entropy loss.

Method BLEU-1 BLEU-2 BLEU-3 BLEU-4 METEOR ROUGE-L CIDEr-D SPICE
LSTM [20] - - - 29.6 25.2 52.6 94.0 -
SCST [30] - - - 30.0 25.9 53.4 99.4 -
Adaptive-Attention [27] 73.4 56.6 41.8 30.4 25.7 - 102.9 -
RFNet [40] 76.4 60.4 46.6 35.8 27.4 56.5 112.5 20.5
UpDown [22] 77.2 - - 36.2 27.0 56.4 113.5 20.3
Att2in+RD [43] - - - 34.3 26.4 55.2 106.1 19.7
UpDown+STAM [41] 77.4 61.5 47.6 36.5 27.4 56.8 114.4 20.5
Ours: PW 77.4 61.5 47.7 36.8 28.1 57.3 117.0 21.2
Ours: CW 77.2 61.5 47.8 36.9 28.0 57.2 117.4 21.1