Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of predictive factors for ESD-associated bleeding at the time of treatment in elderly patients
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||||
| OR | 95% CI | P | OR | 95% CI | P | ||
| Sex | Men | 1.330 | 0.838–2.111 | 0.227 | |||
| Ischemic heart disease | Yes | 2.019 | 1.179–3.456 | 0.010 | 1.422 | 0.735–2.751 | 0.296 |
| Liver cirrhosis | Yes | 1.029 | 0.243–4.357 | 0.969 | |||
| Hemodialysis | Yes | 5.166 | 2.385–11.189 | <0.001 | 4.591 | 2.056–10.248 | <0.001 |
| Aspirin | Yes | 1.683 | 1.026–2.763 | 0.039 | 1.370 | 0.753–2.492 | 0.303 |
| Cilostazol | Yes | 1.893 | 0.842–4.253 | 0.122 | |||
| Thienopyridine | Yes | 1.835 | 0.950–3.547 | 0.071 | |||
| Warfarin | Yes | 4.186 | 2.329–7.526 | <0.001 | 4.783 | 1.689–13.540 | 0.003 |
| DOAC | Yes | 1.591 | 0.558–4.522 | 0.385 | |||
| Interruption of AT agents | Yes | 1.503 | 0.909–2.484 | 0.112 | |||
| Replacement of APAs | Yes | 1.976 | 0.686–5.686 | 0.207 | |||
| Heparin bridging | Yes | 2.727 | 1.491–4.992 | 0.001 | 0.755 | 0.257–2.217 | 0.609 |
| Number of tumors | Multiple | 1.617 | 0.968–2.700 | 0.168 | |||
| Tumor size | >30 mm | 1.448 | 0.851–2.466 | 0.172 | |||
| Tumor location | Lower third | 1.532 | 1.007–2.329 | 0.046 | 1.408 | 0.918–2.161 | 0.117 |
| Tumor differentiation | Undifferentiated | 2.037 | 0.707–5.872 | 0.188 | |||
APA, antiplatelet agent; AT, antithrombotic; CI, confidence interval; DOAC, direct oral anticoagulant; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; OR, odds ratio.