Fig. 3.

Antiviral activity of GRFT at initial stages of PDCoV infection. (A) Schematic of the additional time course. GRFT was administered at different stages of PDCoV infection including (b) attachment at 4℃, (c) further binding at 4℃, (d) internalization at 37℃, (e) 1 hpi, and (f) 2 hpi, each step lasted for 1 h. (B) Immunofluorescence assay of PDCoV infected IPI-2I cells with GRFT present at different stages of infection. (C) Infected cells (%) was analysed by Image J. Infected cells (%) of conditions (b), (c) and (d) significantly decreased (p < 0.05), conditions (e) and (f) were not significantly different with condition (a) without medication (p > 0.05).