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. 2021 Aug 10;80(7):705–712. doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlab074

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3.

Elevated DNA damage in cortical neurons after chemotherapy. (Left) An increased percentage of frontal lobe cortical neurons in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy contain nuclear pH2AX-positive foci (28.8%) compared to frontal lobe cortical neurons in cancer patients not treated with chemotherapy (12.8%, p < 0.01) and patients without history of cancer (16.2%, p < 0.05). Error bars represent the standard error of the mean. (Right) Representative pH2AX and MAP2 double-labeled immunofluorescent images from all 3 cohorts counterstained with DAPI; the top panel shows a neuron with a pH2AX-positive focus (arrow) in a cancer patient treated with chemotherapy; the middle and bottom panels show neurons without pH2AX-positive foci in control patients. Nonspecific pH2AX immunopositivity is seen in cytoplasmic lipofuscin granules. DAPI, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; MAP2, microtubule-associated protein 2; pH2AX, phospho-H2AX; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.