Table 3.
Ocular findings in either eye according to the uncorrected visual acuity by area of residence.
| Ocular findings | Rural area | Urban area | All | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UCVA 20/20 OU | UCVA ≥ 20/25 OU | UCVA ≥ 20/32 OU | UCVA 20/20 OU | UCVA ≥ 20/25 OU | UCVA ≥ 20/32 OU | UCVA 20/20 OU | UCVA ≥ 20/25 OU | UCVA ≥ 20/32 OU | |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| No abnormalities | 18 (20.93) | 33 (20.89) | 48 (19.35) | 38 (29.46) | 61 (23.83) | 90 (25.56) | 56 (26.05) | 94 (22.70) | 138 (21.33) |
| Eyelids | |||||||||
| Blepharitis | 1 (1.16) | 1 (0.63) | 2 (0.81) | 6 (2.79) | 11 (4.30) | 16 (4.01) | 6 (2.79) | 12 (2.90) | 18 (2.78) |
| Structural abnormality1 | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.63) | 1 (0.40) | 1 (0.78) | 1 (0.39) | 2 (0.50) | 1 (0.47) | 1 (0.24) | 3 (0.46) |
| Anterior segment | |||||||||
| Cornea | |||||||||
| Corneal scar/opacification | 1 (1.16) | 4 (2.53) | 6 (2.42) | 1 (0.78) | 4 (1.56) | 7 (1.75) | 2 (0.93) | 8 (1.93) | 13 (2.01) |
| Keratitis | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.78) | 1 (0.39) | 1 (0.25) | 1 (0.47) | 1 (0.24) | 1 (0.15) |
| Conjunctiva | |||||||||
| Pterygium | 46 (53.49) | 93 (58.86) | 145 (58.47) | 56 (43.41) | 128 (50.00) | 145 (58.47) | 102 (47.44) | 221 (53.38) | 348 (53.79) |
| Pinguecula | 32 (37.21) | 41 (25.95) | 64 (25.81) | 35 (27.13) | 65 (25.39) | 94 (23.56) | 67 (31.16) | 106 (25.60) | 158 (24.42) |
| Conjunctivitis | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (1.55) | 2 (0.78) | 3 (0.75) | 2 (0.93) | 2 (0.48) | 3 (0.46) |
| Iris | |||||||||
| Structural abnormality2 | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.63) | 1 (0.40) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.39) | 3 (0.75) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.48) | 4 (0.62) |
| Lens | |||||||||
| Cataract | 2 (2.33) | 11 (6.96) | 28 (11.29) | 11 (8.53) | 38 (14.84) | 84 (21.05) | 13 (6.05) | 49 (11.84) | 112 (17.31) |
| Pseudoexfoliation | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.63) | 1 (0.40) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.24) | 1 (0.15) |
| Posterior Segment | |||||||||
| Glaucoma cupping | 6 (6.98) | 13 (8.23) | 24 (9.68) | 8 (6.20) | 15 (5.86) | 22 (5.51) | 14 (6.51) | 28 (6.76) | 46 (7.11) |
| Maculopathy3 | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.63) | 4 (1.61) | 5 (3.88) | 10 (3.91) | 18 (4.51) | 5 (2.33) | 11 (2.66) | 22 (3.40) |
| Scar4 | 3 (3.49) | 4 (2.53) | 7 (2.82) | 3 (2.33) | 9 (3.52) | 13 (3.26) | 6 (2.79) | 13 (3.14) | 20 (3.09) |
| Vascular retinopathy | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.40) | 4 (3.10) | 6 (2.34) | 7 (1.75) | 4 (1.86) | 6 (1.45) | 8 (1.24) |
| ARMD | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.78) | 1 (0.39) | 1 (0.25) | 1 (0.47) | 1 (0.24) | 1 (0.15) |
| Vitreous opacity | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.63) | 2 (0.81) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.39) | 2 (0.50) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.48) | 4 (0.62) |
| Diabetes retinopathy | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.81) | 1 (0.78) | 3 (1.17) | 4 (1.00) | 1 (0.47) | 3 (0.72) | 6 (0.93) |
| Retina detachment | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.25) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.15) |
| IOP ≥ 21mmHg | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 8 (2.01) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 8 (1.24) |
| Total | 86 (100.00) | 158 (100.00) | 248 (100.00) | 129 (100.00) | 256 (100.00) | 399 (100.00) | 215 (100.00) | 414 (100.00) | 647 (100.00) |
1Entropion irregular margins, ptosis; 2Corectopy, iris atrophy, synechiae; 3Maculopathy, drusen, retinal pigment epithelium atrophy; 4corioretinitis, peripapilary atrophy, congenital abnormalities.
*The totals for the cause specific prevalence exceed the Total because a person can present two or more different ocular conditions in either eye.