. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2021 Jun 10;149(1):102–112. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.05.036

Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted associations of severe bronchiolitis metabotypes in infants with development of childhood asthma

	Childhood asthma^*
	Unadjusted model		Adjusted model^†
Metabotypes	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P-value	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P-value
Metabotype A (GPC-high)	1 [Reference]	–	1 [Reference]	–
Metabotype B (amino acid-high, PUFA-low)	2.24 (1.10-4.63)	0.03	2.18 (1.03-4.71)	0.04
Metabotype C (amino acid-high, GP-low)	1.14 (0.65-2.08)	0.66	1.07 (0.58-2.02)	0.84
Metabotype D (GP-high)	1.23 (0.66-2.34)	0.52	1.25 (0.65-2.49)	0.51
Metabotype E (mixed)	1.12 (0.62-2.11)	0.72	0.87 (0.46-1.72)	0.69

Abbreviations: CI, confidential interval; GP, glycerophospholipid; GPC, glycerophosphocholine; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid.

Asthma was defined as physician-diagnosis of asthma by age 5 years, plus either asthma medication use (e.g., albuterol inhaler, inhaled corticosteroids, montelukast) or asthma-related symptoms in the preceding year. To examine the association between severe bronchiolitis metabotypes (metabotype A as the reference) and the risk of developing childhood asthma, logistic regression model was fit.

^†

The multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders, including patient’s age, sex, parent history of asthma, number of previous breathing problems, respiratory syncytial vims infection, and rhinovirus infection.