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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Geriatr Oncol. 2021 Jun 11;13(1):1–3. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2021.06.001

Figure. Essential elements for personalized treatment decision-making.

Figure.

Disease and functional assessments are necessary to establish the potential treatment options available for the patient and to determine likely outcomes with each treatment option. This includes a personalized evaluation of the probability of experiencing harms and achieving benefits. A preference assessment is necessary to establish the relative value of each of these outcomes. Specifically, this should include how the patient would prefer to trade-off the potential harms of treatments in order to achieve potential benefits. Personalized treatment decisions arrived at through the process of shared decision-making require all three elements.