TABLE 1.

Characterization of monocyte subsets.

	Classical	Intermediate	Non-Classical
Surface marker	CCR2, CD62L, CD11b, TLR4, CD36, CD64	CCR2, CX3CR1, HLA-DR, CD74, CD163, CLEC10A, GFRA2, CD86, CCR5	CX3CR1, CX3CR4, HLA-DR, LFA-1
Chemotaxis	CCR2/CCL2	CCR2/CCL2, CX3CR1/CX3CL1	CX3CR1/CX3CL1
Cytokine	IL-1, IL-10	TNF-α, IL-10	TNF-α, IL-1β
Distribution	∼85%	∼5%	∼10%
Function	Phagocytosis, adhesion, migration, anti-inflammatory responses, anti-microbial responses, scavenger activity	Antigen presentation, regulation of apoptosis, transendothelial migration, pro- and anti-inflammatory responses	Complement and FcR mediated phagocytosis, transendothelial migration, adhesion, healing, pro-inflammatory responses, anti-viral responses (Kapellos et al., 2019)

LFA-1, Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1.