Figure 1.

SARS‐CoV‐2 S protein is palmitoylated. (A) Prediction of potential palmitoylation sites on SARS‐CoV‐2 S by CSS‐palm 4.0. (B) Alignment of N terminal sequences of S from coronavirus (GenBank: QLJ57699.1 for SAR‐CoV‐2, BAC81404.1 for SARS‐CoV, QFQ59587 for MERS‐CoV, QDH43726.1 for HCoV‐OC43, AYN64561.1 for HCoV‐HKU1, AFV53148.1 for HCoV‐NL63, APT69890.1 for HCoV‐229E, QHR63300.2 for Bat coronavirus RaTG13, QIQ54048.1 for Pangolin coronavirus, and AFD97607.1 for Murine hepatitis virus strain). Box showed different residue at AA15. (C) WebLogo of C terminal sequences of S from coronavirus strains in Figure 1B. (D) Design of SARS‐CoV‐2 mutants. (E) ABE experiment showed SARS‐CoV‐2 S was modified by palmitoylation. (F) C75 reduced the palmitoylation of SARS‐CoV‐2 S. (G) 2‐BP inhibited S palmitoylation. GFP, green fluorescent protein; SARS‐CoV‐2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2