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. 2021 Nov 10;84(1):230–249. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12810

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© 2021 National Council on Family Relations.

This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency.

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Predicted parents' time use by work location and gender. Data are from the 2003–2018 American Time Use Survey matched sample, N = 12,519. Panel A shows predicted time use by gender, and Panel B shows predicted differences in time use between mother and fathers. Predicted values are derived from ordinary least squared regression models with controls for age, race/ethnicity, education, earnings, partner status, and number of children, *p < .05 difference between home and workplace gender gaps in matched estimates. ^† p < .05 difference between mixed and workplace gender gaps. Full models are presented in Table A3