Fig. 8.
Evaluation of fluoroscopy-guided navigation via multi-body 3D-2D registration, showing the results for an example unilateral two-body fracture simulation. (a) AP fluoroscopic image overlaid with Canny edges of registered bone fragments. (b) Reduction plans of the fracture-dislocated bone fragments highlighted in corresponding colors on the fluoroscopic image. (c) 3D rendering of the reduction plan (green) and the registered bone fragments (unfractured bone fragments in white and fracture-dislocated bone fragments in yellow and pink). 3D-2D registration errors [(d) translational and (e) rotational] characterized in terms of in-plane and out-of-plane directions and comparing results obtained for unilateral two-body and three-body fractures.