TABLE 2.

Robustness tests: Alternative measures for containment policies

	m2: Oxford measure	m3: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control measure
Vote share mainstream parties	−0.0383***	−0.0401***
	(0.00867)	(0.00879)
Stringency C‐19 containment policies	0.0403***	0.0295***
	(0.00431)	(0.00396)
C‐19 mortality rate	−0.0438***	−0.0615***
	(0.0157)	(0.0188)
Population (ln)	0.694***	0.700***
	(0.120)	(0.119)
Centrality of location	0.291**	0.287**
	(0.137)	(0.137)
Population density	0.000289**	0.000286**
	(0.000119)	(0.000118)
Share workforce with university education	0.0857***	0.0857***
	(0.0232)	(0.0233)
GDP per capita	0.0123*	0.0127*
	(0.00676)	(0.00671)
Constant	−11.91***	−10.01***
	(1.677)	(1.647)
Districts	401	401
Observations	4411	4411

Note: Standard errors clustered on districts in parentheses. ***statistically significant at 0.01, **0.05, *0.1 levels.