TABLE 3.

Anti‐influenza activities of quercetin and derivates

Compound	Mechanism	References
Quercetin	Shows strong binding abilities to NA from H1N1 (A/PR/8/34) comparable with zanamivir	Liu et al. (2016)
Quercetin‐7‐O‐glucoside	Blocks RNA polymerase of influenza viruses A and B and completely inhibits or reduces AVO formation	Gansukh et al. (2016)
Quercetin‐3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside	Decreases the H1N1 viral titer by 6 logs (p < 0.01) in MDCK cells with IC50 25 μg/ml, decreases NP and M2 genes copy numbers and the expression of cytokines	Mehrbod et al. (2018)
Quercetin	Molecular docking exhibit relatively high potential for binding quercetin to the active site of neuraminidase N1	Sadati et al. (2019)
Quercetin derivates	Show high binding activity on cap‐binding site of the PB2 of influenza viral RNA polymerase	Gansukh et al. (2021)

Note: AVO, acidic vesicular organelles; IC₅₀, half‐maximal inhibitory concentration; M2, matrix 2 ion channel; MDCK, Madin–Darby canine kidney; NA, neuroamminidase; PB2, polymerase basic 2.