TABLE 4.

Anti‐coronavirus activities of quercetin and derivates

Compound	Mechanism	References
Quercetin‐3‐β‐galactoside	Binds to the catalytic pocket of SARS‐CoV 3CLpro	Jo et al. (2020)
Quercetin	Top scoring ligand for the S protein: ACE2 receptor interface	Smith and Smith (2020)
Quercetin	Inhibits 3CLpro and PLpro, with a docking binding energy corresponding to −6.25 and −4.62 kcal/mol	di Pierro et al. (2021)
Quercetin	Interacts with furin with a docking score of −7.77 kcal/mol at 2.02 μM	Milanović et al. (2021)

Note: ACE2, angiotensin‐converting enzyme II; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IC₅₀, Half‐maximal inhibitory concentration; SARS‐CoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus.