TABLE 2.

Relative values of neuro-metabolites and spectral quality measures for the 30 controls, and 30 hyperthyroid and 19 hyperthyroid patients at baseline and at follow-up in posterior parietal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).

(Metabolites) Posterior parietal cortex (PP)	Control (n = 30) (Mean ± SD)	Hyperthyroidism (n = 30) (Mean ± SD)	Hyperthyroidism (n = 19)		p-value	p-value	CRLB
			Pre-therapy (Mean ± SD)	Post-therapy (Mean ± SD)
Gln/tCr	1.495 ± 0.33	1.354 ± 0.38	1.452 ± 0.399	1.107 ± 0.346	0.162	0.020b	≤20 %
Glu/tCr	1.156 ± 0.29	0.897 ± 0.21	0.940 ± 0.227	1.021 ± 0.177	0.001a	0.225	≤20 %
GSH/tCr	0.257 ± 0.05	0.287 ± 0.074	0.278 ± 0.071	0.333 ± 0.087	0.033a	0.058b	≤20 %
mI/tCr	1.439 ± 0.27	1.364 ± 0.32	1.334 ± 0.262	1.193 ± 0.467	0.303	0.149	≤11 %
NAA/tCr	1.431 ± 0.20	1.484 ± 0.20	1.480 ± 0.168	1.469 ± 0.202	0.077a	0.831	≤10 %
GPC+PCh/tCr	0.283 ± 0.04	0.249 ± 0.03	0.258 ± 0.043	0.302 ± 0.038	0.004a	0.006b	≤8 %
NAA+NAAG/tCr	1.652 ± 0.16	1.664 ± 0.17	1.700 ± 0.194	1.762 ± 0.195	0.441	0.111	≤5 %
Glu+Gln/tCr	2.585 ± 0.46	2.225 ± 0.45	2.356 ± 0.499	1.856 ± 0.477	0.011a	0.035b	≤12 %
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)
Gln/tCr	1.259 ± 0.235	1.171 ± 0.355	1.377 ± 0.404	1.324 ± 0.340	0.174	0.610	≤20 %
Glu/tCr	0.930 ± 0.222	0.992 ± 0.251	0.985 ± 0.232	1.076 ± 0.198	0.124	0.155	≤20 %
GSH/tCr	0.312 ± 0.058	0.303 ± 0.082	0.300 ± 0.074	0.329 ± 0.086	0.580	0.323	≤20 %
mI/tCr	1.381 ± 0.260	1.311 ± 0.310	1.245 ± 0.249	1.211 ± 0.414	0.266	0.661	≤10 %
NAA/tCr	1.346 ± 0.220	1.305 ± 0.242	1.323 ± 0.213	1.329 ± 0.255	0.973	0.914	≤10 %
GPC+PCh/tCr	0.290 ± 0.047	0.249 ± 0.036	0.251 ± 0.033	0.309 ± 0.039	0.005a	0.001b	≤7 %
NAA+NAAG/tCr	1.519 ± 0.127	1.574 ± 0.176	1.553 ± 0.176	1.551 ± 0.187	0.028a	0.943	≤5 %
Glu+Gln/tCr	2.138 ± 0.302	2.118 ± 0.444	2.299 ± 0.447	2.006 ± 0.520	0.730	0.037b	≤14 %
Spectral Quality Measures
Posterior parietal cortex (PP)
FWHM (in ppm)	0.059 ± 0.02	0.062 ± 0.02	0.063 ± 0.025	0.057 ± 0.02	0.48	0.52
SNR	12.13 ± 2.43	11.77 ± 1.19	12 ± 2.09	12.53 ± 2.48	0.52	0.36
GM	0.376 ± 0.11	0.416 ± 0.14	0.438 ± 0.15	0.377 ± 0.13	0.21	0.20
WM	0.598 ± 0.13	0.553 ± 0.17	0.531 ± 0.19	0.594 ± 0.15	0.21	0.25
CSF	0.031 ± 0.05	0.031 ± 0.04	0.033 ± 0.04	0.030 ± 0.02	0.5	0.81
DLPFC
FWHM (in ppm)	0.064 ± 0.02	0.065 ± 0.026	0.059 ± 0.027	0.069 ± 0.02	0.96	0.183
SNR	12.56 ± 1.95	12.41 ± 2.03	12.89 ± 2.07	11.79 ± 2.46	0.79	0.074
GM	0.385 ± 0.12	0.416 ± 0.14	0.394 ± 0.16	0.371 ± 0.13	0.37	0.61
WM	0.591 ± 0.13	0.553 ± 0.17	0.583 ± 0.20	0.595 ± 0.15	0.34	0.82
CSF	0.024 ± 0.02	0.031 ± 0.04	0.024 ± 0.04	0.030 ± 0.02	0.42	0.55

^aIndicates p < 0.05 (Bonferroni correction for multiple comparison between control and hyperthyroid patients); ^bindicates p < 0.05 (paired t-test in hyperthyroid patients at baseline and at follow-up). SD, standard deviation; CRLB, Cramer-Rao lower bound; FWHM, full width at half maximum; SNR, signal to noise ratio; GM, gray matter; WM, white matter; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid.