TABLE 1.
Summarization of epidemiological studies between PsO and its comorbidities (skin diseases) a .
| Comorbidities | Description | Rresearch type | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Psoriatic arthritis | A total of 266 studies examining 976,408 patients with PsO were included. 19.7% PsO patients with PsA (95% CI: 18.5–20.9%) | Meta-analysis | Alinaghi et al. (2019) |
| Vitiligo | 10 case-control/cross-sectional studies with a total of 120,866 PsO cases and 79,907 vitiligo cases. Higher incidence of PsO in vitiligo patients than healthy controls (total OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.56–3.37) | Meta-analysis | Yen and Chi (2019) |
| Contact dermatitis | The database included 887,765 adolescents, of whom 3,112 (0.35%) were diagnosed with PsO. Contact dermatitis was significantly associated with PsO (OR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.43–3.55) | Cross-sectional study | Shreberk-Hassidim et al. (2019) |
| Atopic dermatitis | A retrospective chart review was performed, and data were recorded for patients with PsO (n = 1,390), atopic dermatitis (n = 912), and PsO plus atopic dermatitis (n = 30). The comorbid ratio of atopic dermatitis and PsO was 1.5% | Retrospective study | Barry et al. (2019) |
| Bullous pemphigoid | Four case-control studies with a total of 4,035 bullous pemphigoid patients and 19,215 healthy controls for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Bullous pemphigoid with a higher incidence of PsO (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.4–4.6) compared with healthy controls | Meta-analysis | Phan et al. (2019) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 42 individuals were diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus in 9,420 PsO patients | Retrospective study | Zalla and Muller (1996) |
| 150 of 20,630 SLE hospitalizations have co-existing PsO | Retrospective study | Ojemolon et al. (2020) | |
| Pemphigus | 12 eligible studies comprising 12,238 patients with pemphigus were included in the quantitative synthesis. 2.4% PsO patients have pemphigus (95% CI: 1.0–4.4) | Meta-analysis | Kridin et al. (2019) |
| 4 studies with 11,183 pemphigus cases and 87,051,171 healthy controls were pooled in the meta-analysis. Pemphigus was more common in patients with PsO than in healthy controls (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.24–5.59) | Meta-analysis | Phan et al. (2020) | |
| Non-melanoma skin cancer | A total of 16 cohort studies involving 16,023,503 participants met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. PsO patients have a higher risk of non-melanoma skin cancer than controls (RR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.46–2.02) | Meta-analysis | Wang et al. (2020) |
a
There is more than one study about PsO and its comorbidities that has been conducted. Here, we listed the study with a bigger sample size and refer to the evidence level.
Note: OR: odds ratio; aOR: adjusted odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.