Table 1. Demographics of surgical cohorts.
| Demographics | Open (N=1,661) | VATS (N=263) | Robotic (N=325) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median [range] | 61 [18–90] | 64 [20–88] | 63 [22–90] | 0.03** |
| Gender, n (%) | NS | |||
| Male | 815 (49.1) | 120 (45.6) | 151 (46.4) | |
| Female | 846 (50.9) | 143 (54.4) | 174 (53.5) | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.017 | |||
| Caucasian | 1,179 (71.0) | 207 (78.7) | 241 (74.2) | |
| African-American | 302 (18.2) | 40 (15.2) | 43 (13.2) | |
| Other | 167 (10.1) | 15 (5.7) | 37 (11.4) | |
| Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index, n (%) | NS | |||
| None | 1,198 (72.1) | 199 (75.7) | 225 (69.2) | |
| 1 | 366 (22.0) | 49 (18.6) | 84 (25.8) | |
| ≥2 | 97 (5.8) | 15 (5.7) | 16 (4.9) | |
| Tumor size (mm), median [range] | 61 [1–995] | 50 [5–990] | 45 [1–994] | <0.001** |
| WHO histologic grading, n (%) | 0.026 | |||
| Not otherwise specified (NOS) | 273 (16.4) | 36 (13.7) | 52 (16.0) | |
| A | 162 (9.8) | 25 (9.5) | 41 (12.6) | |
| AB | 328 (19.7) | 75 (28.5) | 74 (22.8) | |
| B1 | 191 (11.5) | 29 (11.0) | 41 (12.6) | |
| B2 | 263 (15.8) | 42 (16.0) | 58 (17.8) | |
| B3 | 229 (13.8) | 29 (11.0) | 27 (8.3) | |
| C | 215 (12.9) | 27 (10.3) | 32 (9.8) | |
| Invasion, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Localized | 802 (48.3) | 160 (60.8) | 196 (60.3) | |
| Capsular invasion | 336 (20.2) | 61 (23.2) | 79 (24.3) | |
| Mediastinal invasion | 496 (29.9) | 35 (13.3) | 46 (14.2) | |
| Radiation, n (%) | 0.002 | |||
| None | 1,005 (60.5) | 187 (71.1) | 212 (65.2) | |
| Adjuvant | 656 (39.5) | 76 (28.9) | 113 (34.8) | |
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| None | 1,490 (89.7) | 242 (92.0) | 315 (96.9) | |
| Adjuvant | 171 (10.3) | 21 (8.0) | 10 (3.1) | |
| Conversion rate, n (%) | – | 41 (13.4) | 17 (5.0) | – |
**, Kruskal-Wallis test. WHO, World Health Organization; NS, not significant (P>0.05); VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.