TABLE 5.
Pooled results and sensitivity analysis of the association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and essential hypertension. The meaning of bold is in different subgroups, there are statistically significant gene models. In other words, it is the genetic model associated with EH.
| Variable | n (cases/controls) | TT vs. CC | TC vs. CC | TT + TC vs. CC | TT vs. TC + CC | T vs. C | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | P h / I 2 (%) | OR (95%CI) | P h / I 2 (%) | OR (95%CI) | P h / I 2 (%) | OR (95%CI) | P h / I 2 (%) | OR (95%CI) | P h / I 2 (%) | ||
| Overall | 63 (11,556/12,523) | 1.71 (1.44–2.02) a | <0.001/69.2 | 1.26 (1.15–1.39) a | <0.001/57.0 | 1.37 (1.24–1.52) a | <0.001/66.5 | 1.51 (1.31–1.74) a | <0.001/66.0 | 1.33 (1.22–1.45) a | <0.001/76.6 |
| Ethnicity | |||||||||||
| Asian | 42 (8,636/9,206) | 1.74 (1.43–2.12) a | <0.001/71.1 | 1.34 (1.21–1.48) a | 0.003/42.0 | 1.44 (1.28–1.61) a | <0.001/63.6 | 1.49 (1.26–1.77) a | <0.001/70.3 | 1.35 (1.24–1.46) a | <0.001/76.0 |
| Caucasian | 17 (2,255/2,575) | 1.73 (1.27–2.36) a | 0.012/50.1 | 1.06 (0.93–1.20) | 0.108/31.8 | 1.17 (1.04–1.32) | 0.048/39.5 | 1.62 (1.34–1.96) | 0.026/45.1 | 1.62 (1.34–1.96) a | 0.003/56.6 |
| Mixed | 3 (624/692) | 0.84 (0.61–1.16) | 0.422/0.0 | 1.06 (0.62–1.79) a | 0.057/60.2 | 1.03 (0.64–1.66) a | 0.078/56.0 | 1.00 (0.78–1.30) | 0.406/0.0 | 0.99 (0.79–1.25) | 0.205/34.6 |
| African | 1 (41/50) | 377.00 (18.37–7737.29) | – | 72.00 (15.83–327.45) | – | 114.00 (25.56–508.40) | – | 53.26 (3.06–927.31) | – | 32.93 (12.05–90.00) | – |
| Geographic region | |||||||||||
| East Asia | 38 (7,924/8,300) | 1.72 (1.40–2.12) a | <0.001/72.0 | 1.31 (1.19–1.45) a | 0.014/36.5 | 1.41 (1.26–1.58) a | <0.001/58.1 | 1.47 (1.23–1.76) a | <0.001/71.7 | 1.33 (1.20–1.47) a | <0.001/75.3 |
| South Asia | 2 (253/356) | 4.21 (0.84–21.07) | 0.239/27.8 | 1.60 (1.07–2.40) | 0.549/0.0 | 1.82 (1.23–2.67) | 0.767/0.0 | 3.82 (0.73–20.11) | 0.230/30.7 | 1.89 (1.34–2.66) | 0.961/0.0 |
| Western Asia | 5 (514/624) | 2.87 (0.95–8.67) a | 0.007/75.4 | 0.97 (0.53–1.79) a | 0.006/75.7 | 1.24 (0.72–2.11) a | <0.001/74.7 | 2.90 (1.14–7.35) a | 0.028/67.0 | 1.44 (0.83–2.50) a | <0.001/84.0 |
| Southeast Asia | 2 (459/550) | 3.40 (1.72–6.73) | 0.552/0.0 | 1.96 (1.48–2.61) | 0.830/0.0 | 2.10 (1.60–2.76) | 0.905/0.0 | 2.81 (1.43–5.53) | 0.544/0.0 | 1.98 (1.56–2.50) | 0.667/0.0 |
| Europe | 5 (727/777) | 1.76 (1.27–2.44) | 0.575/0.0 | 1.03 (0.82–1.28) | 0.440/0.0 | 1.17 (0.95–1.44) | 0.439/0.0 | 1.76 (1.30–2.38) | 0.779/0.0 | 1.25 (1.08–1.45) | 0.479/0.0 |
| Oceania | 3 (714/732) | 1.23 (0.86–1.76) | 0.380/0.0 | 1.08 (0.87–1.34) | 0.574/0.0 | 1.10 (0.89–1.36) | 0.404/0.0 | 1.17 (0.83–1.65) | 0.549/0.0 | 1.09 (0.93–1.29) | 0.330/9.9 |
| Africa | 5 (339/460) | 3.79 (1.02–14.01) a | 0.002/75.8 | 2.42 (1.03–5.69) a | 0.000/85.0 | 2.78 (1.13–6.83) a | <0.001/87.5 | 2.47 (0.84–7.31) a | 0.015/67.5 | 2.32 (1.11–4.84) a | <0.001/89.6 |
| South America | 1 (12/16) | 0.54 (0.02–14.35) a | – | 5.40 (0.98–29.67) a | – | 3.86 (0.75–19.84) a | – | 0.23 (0.01–5.30) a | – | 1.53 (0.50–4.75) a | – |
| North America | 2 (614/708) | 0.819 (0.53–1.27) | 0.219/34.1 | 0.76 (0.58–1.00) | 0.676/0.0 | 0.77 (0.60–0.99) | 0.436/0.0 | 0.99 (0.70–1.39) | 0.235/30.9 | 0.91 (0.71–1.16) | 0.146/48.1 |
| Sensitivity analysis of high-quality and HWE studies | |||||||||||
| Overall | 20 (4,439/4,661) | 1.14 (1.00–1.30) | 0.032/39.8 | 1.08 (0.98–1.19) | 0.186/21.3 | 1.15 (1.01–1.29) a | 0.040/38.1 | 1.11 (0.99–1.23) | 0.159/23.7 | 1.14 (1.04–1.25) a | 0.005/50.2 |
| Ethnicity | |||||||||||
| Asian | 15 (3,067/3,271) | 1.17 (0.99–1.36) | 0.180/24.8 | 1.14 (1.01–1.28) | 0.265/16.8 | 1.17 (1.04–1.30) | 0.105/32.9 | 1.09 (0.96–1.24) | 0.333/10.8 | 1.10 (1.02–1.19) | 0.018/48.6 |
| Caucasian | 4 (800/800) | 1.60 (0.87–2.92) a | 0.067/58.2 | 1.08 (0.88–1.33) | 0.704/0.0 | 1.14 (0.93–1.39) | 0.451/0.0 | 1.49 (0.86–2.60) a | 0.083/55.0 | 1.18 (0.96–1.45) | 0.168/40.6 |
| Mixed | 1 (572/590) | 0.83 (0.60–1.15) a | 0.113/60.2 | 0.76 (0.57–1.02) | 0.378/0.0 | 0.78 (0.59–1.02) | 0.204/38.0 | 1.01 (0.78–1.31) a | 0.151/51.4 | 0.95 (0.70–1.29) a | 0.075/68.4 |
| African | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Geographic region | |||||||||||
| East Asia | 13 (2,701/2,936) | 1.13 (0.97–1.32) | 0.292/15.1 | 1.08 (0.95–1.22) | 0.721/0.0 | 1.10 (0.98–1.23) | 0.512/0.0 | 1.07 (0.94–1.22) | 0.474/0.0 | 1.07 (0.99–1.15) | 0.261/18.1 |
| South Asia | 1 (153/133) | 17.00 (0.97–298.31) | – | 1.43 (0.82–2.49) | – | 1.71 (1.00–2.94) | – | 15.60 (0.89–272.86) | – | 1.90 (1.17–3.10) | – |
| Southeast Asia | 1 (213/202) | 2.34 (0.58–9.55) | – | 2.04 (1.31–3.18) | – | 2.06 (1.34–3.17) | – | 1.92 (0.47–7.79) | – | 1.85 (1.26–2.71) | – |
| Europe | 1 (232/215) | 1.95 (1.04–3.64) | – | 1.32 (0.88–1.96) | – | 1.42 (0.97–2.08) | – | 1.67 (0.93–3.01) | – | 1.35 (1.03–1.78) | – |
| Oceania | 2 (467/483) | 1.01 (0.64–1.60) | 0.755/0.0 | 0.99 (0.76–1.30) | 0.784/0.0 | 0.99 (0.77–1.29) | 0.735/0.0 | 1.01 (0.65–1.56) | 0.811/0.0 | 1.01 (0.82–1.21) | 0.713/0.0 |
| Africa | 1 (101/102) | 5.36 (1.45–19.81) | – | 1.02 (0.57–1.82) | – | 1.29 (0.75–2.24) | – | 5.31 (1.48–19.10) | – | 1.52 (0.99–2.34) | – |
| South America | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| North America | 1 (572/590) | 0.83 (0.60–1.15) a | 0.113/60.2 | 0.76 (0.57–1.02) | 0.378/0.0 | 0.78 (0.60–1.02) | 0.204/38.0 | 1.01 (0.78–1.31) a | 0.151/51.4 | 0.95 (0.70–1.29) a | 0.075/68.4 |
a
A random-effects model was used.
HWE, Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.