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. 2021 Dec 10;10:50. doi: 10.1186/s40035-021-00275-w

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© The Author(s) 2021, corrected publication 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 4 — Relationship between the baseline tertile of pGFAP and longitudinal changes of cognitive score (MMSE score) in FTD (a) and AD (b). Cognitive changes were estimated through linear mixed effects regression models adjusted for age and baseline MMSE score. Red lines show the lowest tertile (below 154 pg/ml in FTD and below 228 pg/ml in AD), green lines show the medium tertile (154–240 pg/ml in FTD and 226–366 pg/ml in AD), and blue lines show the highest tertile of pGFAP level (above 240 pg/ml in FTD and above 366 pg/ml in AD). Shaded areas indicate the 95% confidence interval for predicted cognitive scores. pGFAP, plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein; pNfL, plasma neurofilament light; CN, cognitivelly normal participants; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; AD, Alzheimer’s disease