. 2021 Dec 10;10:50. doi: 10.1186/s40035-021-00275-w

Table 1.

Demographics and clinical characteristics, CSF and plasma biomarker concentrations in CN, FTD and AD groups

	CN	FTD					AD
	CN	bvFTD	nfvPPA	svPPA	PSP-CBD	All FTD	AD
n	83	33	14	7	18	72	56
Age, years	58 (8.5)^b,c	68.3 (10.6)^a	72.8 (5.6)^a	73.1 (11.1)^a	72.9 (5.4)^a	70.8 (8.9)^a	70.8 (7.2)^a
Sex
Female	49	10	9	4	11	34	31
Male	34	23	5	3	7	38	25
APOE ε4 status
ε4+	23^c	3^c	3^c	2^c	2^c	10^c	27^a^,b,d⁻^g
ε4−	57^c	29^c	11^c	5^c	14^c	59^c	27^a^,b,d⁻^g
Follow up time, years	3.9 (1.7)	4.1 (2.5)	3.1 (2.3)	4.8 (1.7)	1.9 (1)	3.4 (2.3)	4 (2)
Education, years	15.4 (4.1)^b−g	12.9 (5.6)^a	13.3 (4.9)^a	14.8 (5.2)^a	11.3 (3.7)^a	12.7 (5)^a	10.4 (4.7)^a
Baseline MMSE score	29.2 (1)^b−g	25.1 (4.2)^a,f	24.1 (6.8)^a,f	16.5 (12.2)^a,c⁻^e,g	22.6 (6.3)^a,f	23.5 (6.5)^a	23.7 (3.8)^a
Last MMSE score	29.3 (1)^b−g	16.6 (10)^a,f	14 (12.2)^a,f	0.4 (0.9)^a,c⁻^e,g	11.6 (12.4)^a	13.3 (11.4)^a	15.5 (9.5)^a
pGFAP, pg/ml	134.3 (45.4)^b−d,f−g	193.1 (100.1)^a	224.6 (77.2)	159.3 (279.1)^a	271.2 (148.2)^a	234.9 (141.9)^a,b	319.8 (135.1)^a,c
pNfL, pg/ml	18 (20.2)^b⁻^e,g	41.9 (60.1)^a	34.9 (17.2)^a	31.3 (14.5)	34.3 (18.1)^a	37.6 (42.3)^a	26.5 (13.3)^a
CSF NfL, pg/ml	494.8 (274.3)^b,c,f,g	1436.3 (930.6)^a	1944.5 (1146.7)	2394.6 (637.8)^a	1739.3 (1607.3)^a	1654.1 (1187.6)^a,c	1286.4 (1136.9)^a,b,f
CSF YKL-40, ng/ml	190.3 (49.4)^b,c	265.8 (64.7)^a	274.84 (61)^a	311.8 (37.1)^a	262.3 (79.3)	268.2 (63.7)^a	287.3 (68.1)^a
CSF Aβ42/Aβ40	0.099 (0.016)^c	0.098 (0.015)^c	0.092 (0.012)^c	0.103 (0.0002)^c	0.095 (0.012)^c	0.097 (0.013)^c	0.046 (0.0099)^a,b,d⁻^g
CSF tTau, pg/ml	264 (103.9)^c	388.9 (182.3)^c	275.4 (144.5)^c	367.5 (0.7)	276.1 (122.7)^c	332.7 (162)^c	774.2 (390.8)^a,b,d,f,g
CSF pTau, pg/ml	39.8 (17.8)^c	45.7 (16.1)^c	42.8 (21.9)^c	47.2 (10)	33.9 (15)^c	42.1 (16.4)^c	121.2 (71)^a,b,d,f,g

MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; pGFAP, plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein; pNfL, plasma neurofilament light chain; CN, cognitivelly normal participants; FTD, Frontotemporal dementia; AD, Alzheimer disease; bvFTD, behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia; nfvPPA, nonfluent variant of primary progressive aphasia; svPPA, semantic variante of primary progressive aphasia; PSP-CBD, progressive supranuclear palsy-corticobasal syndrome spectrum

^aDifferent from Control (P < 0.05)

^bDifferent from FTD (P < 0.05)

^cDifferent from AD (P < 0.05)

^dDifferent from bvFTD (P < 0.05)

^eDifferent from fnvPPA (P < 0.05)

^fDifferent from svPPA (P < 0.05)

^gDifferent from PSP-CBD (P < 0.05). Data are shown as mean (standard deviation)