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. 2021 Nov 24;12:760934. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.760934

Table 1.

Basic characteristics and obstetric outcomes of subjects included in the study (N =6, 233).

Underweight Normal-weight Overweight P value
N (% of total subjects) 1, 203 (19.3%) 3, 281 (61.3%) 1, 209 (19.4%)
Maternal age 29.5 ± 3.9 31.4 ± 4.3 32.6 ± 4.2 <0.001abc
Gravity 2.2 ± 1.2 2.1 ± 1.2 2.1 ± 1.2 0.532
Parity 0.5 ± 0.6 0.5 ± 0.6 0.4 ± 0.6 0.608
Height 1.60 ± 0.05 1.60 ± 0.05 1.60 ± 0.05 0.428
Pre-pregnancy weight 45.1 ± 3.2 52.8 ± 4.5 64.2 ± 7.1 <0.001abc
Pre-pregnancy BMI 17.5 ± 0.8 20.6 ± 1.2 25.1 ± 2.2 <0.001abc
GWG 13.7 ± 4.6 13.3 ± 4.3 11.4 ± 4.7 <0.001bc
GDM (% of each group) 205 (17.0%) 689 (21.0%) 355 (29.4%) <0.001abc
Preeclampsia (% of each group) 30 (2.5%) 105 (3.2%) 104 (8.6%) <0.001bc
Preterm birth (% of each group) 83 (6.9%) 266 (8.1%) 114 (9.4%) 0.219
PPH (% of each group) 54 (4.5%) 256 (7.8%) 80 (6.6%) 0.007a
LGA (% of each group) 23 (1.9%) 177 (5.4%) 89 (7.4%) <0.001abc
SGA (% of each group) 200 (16.6%) 318 (9.7%) 70 (5.8%) <0.001abc

BMI, body mass index; GWG, gestational weight gain; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; PPH, postpartum hemorrhage; LGA, large for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age.

a, b, cindicates a significant difference between underweight and normal weight, underweight and overweight, and normal weight and overweight, respectively.