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. 2021 Mar 30;204(9):1075–1085. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202103-0660OC

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Decane and other long-chain alkane compounds are increased in exhaled breath after experimental rhinovirus (RV) challenge in healthy subjects. (A) Eleven healthy subjects were experimentally challenged with RV-A16 and sampled at various time points after infection. (B) Viral loads were measured by using quantitative PCR analysis of nasal lavage and oropharyngeal swab samples. (C) Daily upper respiratory tract symptom scores. Concentrations of (D) decane, (E) 3,8-dimethyl-undecane, (F) 4,7-dimethyl-undecane, (G) dodecane, and (H) hexadecane were measured in exhaled breath samples by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. (I) Correlation of oropharyngeal viral loads with 3,8-dimethyl-undecane and 4,7-dimethyl-undecane. (J) Correlation of symptom scores with 3,8-dimethyl-undecane. In B–H, results are shown as individual data points per patient with the median (±interquartile range), and data were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and by comparing values with the paired baseline values. In I and J, individual data points are shown, and data were analyzed by using Spearman’s correlation test. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01. ns = nonsignificant.