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. 2021 Mar 30;204(9):1075–1085. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202103-0660OC

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Decane and other long-chain alkane compounds correlate with the magnitude of the antiviral immune responses in subjects experimentally challenged with rhinovirus (RV). (A) Eleven healthy subjects were experimentally challenged with RV-A16 and sampled at various time points after infection. Nasal lavage concentrations of (B) CXCL10/IP-10 and CCL5/RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) were measured by using an ELISA. The correlation of nasal CXCL10/IP-10 concentrations with exhaled breath levels of (C) 4,7-dimethyl-undecane and (D) hexadecane are shown. (E) The correlation of nasal CCL5/RANTES concentrations with exhaled breath levels of decane are shown. In B and C, results are shown as individual data points per patient with the median (±interquartile range), and data were analyzed by using a Wilcoxon rank sum test and comparing values with the paired baseline values. In D–F, individual data points are shown, and data were analyzed by using Spearman’s correlation test. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01.