Table 4.

The effect of exercise on DDQ.

Dimension	Group	Pre-exercise	Post-exercise	p (intergroup)	p (time)	p (interaction)
Desire and Intention	Non-SAD control	3.79 ± 0.92	3.95 ± 0.98	0.604	<0.05	<0.01
	SAD control	4.19 ± 1.24	4.07 ± 0.93
	SAD exercise	4.34 ± 1.02	3.52 ± 0.91**
Negative reinforcement	Non-SAD	4.39 ± 0.96	4.20 ± 1.10	0.063	<0.05	<0.05
	SAD control	4.21 ± 1.09	4.21 ± 0.91
	SAD exercise	4.23 ± 0.93	3.41 ± 0.79ΔΔ▴**
Control	Non-SAD control	3.63 ± 1.56	3.71 ± 1.18	0.228	0.276	0.958
	SAD control	2.97 ± 1.49	3.14 ± 1.26
	SAD exercise	3.02 ± 1.29	3.16 ± 1.15

^ΔΔp < 0.01, compared with the Non-SAD control group;

^▴p < 0.05, compared with the SAD control group;

^**p < 0.01, compared with pre-exercise.