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. 2021 Nov 19;5(2):e32351. doi: 10.2196/32351

Table 3.

Linear mixed effect model of main effects and interaction between recommended use and time for anxiety scores on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2).

Predictor Main effects–only model Interaction model

Model estimate (95% CI) P value Model estimate (95% CI) P value
Intercepta 4.165 (3.914 to 4.416) <.001 4.075 (3.821 to 4.33) <.001
Recommended use –0.362 (–0.484 to –0.239) <.001 –0.28 (–0.421 to –0.139) <.001
Time from baseline (days) –0.003 (–0.004 to –0.003) <.001 –0.002 (–0.003 to –0.001) <.001
Total chronic conditions 0.135 (0.092 to 0.178) <.001 0.137 (0.094 to 0.18) <.001
Happify score at baseline –0.041 (–0.043 to –0.038) <.001 –0.039 (–0.042 to –0.036) <.001
Female gender 0.161 (0.026 to 0.297) .02 0.165 (0.029 to 0.301) .02
Age group (years)




18-24 0.615 (0.274 to 0.955) <.001 0.622 (0.278 to 0.965) <.001

25-34 0.378 (0.186 to 0.569) <.001 0.383 (0.191 to 0.576) < .001

35-44 0.246 (0.086 to 0.405) .003 0.241 (0.08 to 0.401) .003

45-54 -b -b -b -b

55-64 –0.163 (–0.316 to –0.01) .04 –0.159 (–0.313 to –0.005) .04
User is in a relationship 0.181 (0.043 to 0.32) .01 0.164 (0.025 to 0.304) .02
User has at least one minor child –0.007 (–0.146 to 0.132) .93 0.003 (–0.137 to 0.143) .96
Recommended use by time from baseline N/Ac N/A –0.002 (–0.004 to –0.001) .001

aRepresents the score for a male user aged 45-54 years at baseline with 0 chronic conditions, a score of 0 on the Happify Scale, not in a relationship, with no children, and who did not meet the recommended use of an average of 2 activities per week.

bReference group.

cN/A: not applicable to the first model.