Figure 1.

. Estimated differences in the frequency of associated factors between respondents who reported excessive smartphone use and those who did not. Dots represent posterior medians, and lines represent 95% highest density intervals. The shaded area shows the region of practical equivalence (ROPE) of ±5%. Estimated differences that, with 95% probability, are larger than the ROPE are represented in green, whereas estimated differences that, with 95% probability, are larger than zero but smaller than the ROPE are represented in blue. Differences, with 95% probability, not larger than zero are represented in red. Estimates are based on data collected among school pupils in southern Sweden in 2016.