. 2021 Aug 10;57(1):48–56. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000001842

Table 3.

Validation of time-window prediction models for traumatic hemorrhagic shock

		Internal validation						External validation
Machine learning model	Prediction dataset	F _1.5	acc	pre	rec	AUROC	AUPRC	F _1.5	acc	pre	rec	AUROC	AUPRC
0.5 h in advance
XGBoost	VS	0.849	0.865	0.866	0.847	0.935	0.943	0.704	0.665	0.571	0.804	0.785	0.720
LR	VS	0.794	0.835	0.853	0.778	0.875	0.887	0.701	0.661	0.558	0.801	0.797	0.773
1 h in advance
XGBoost	VS	0.793	0.833	0.853	0.773	0.927	0.920	0.695	0.649	0.551	0.804	0.769	0.697
	VS + RB	0.866	0.883	0.889	0.860	0.950	0.943	0.834	0.841	0.851	0.827	0.913	0.915
	VS + RB + BG	0.900	0.903	0.898	0.903	0.968	0.962	0.804	0.822	0.847	0.787	0.901	0.908
LR	VS	0.775	0.819	0.836	0.755	0.878	0.897	0.703	0.652	0.549	0.815	0.792	0.761
	VS + RB	0.863	0.875	0.867	0.863	0.889	0.883	0.834	0.846	0.863	0.822	0.916	0.928
	VS + RB + BG	0.872	0.875	0.872	0.875	0.930	0.932	0.841	0.856	0.882	0.824	0.916	0.929
2 h in advance
XGBoost	VS	0.781	0.859	0.873	0.760	0.937	0.905	0.679	0.653	0.558	0.777	0.772	0.699
	VS + RB	0.863	0.873	0.886	0.858	0.947	0.950	0.807	0.836	0.881	0.778	0.924	0.911
	VS + RB + BG	0.869	0.870	0.856	0.880	0.934	0.914	0.798	0.830	0.876	0.770	0.922	0.914
LR	VS	0.730	0.806	0.779	0.730	0.866	0.849	0.687	0.659	0.555	0.780	0.783	0.747
	VS + RB	0.835	0.847	0.875	0.828	0.905	0.898	0.835	0.846	0.862	0.823	0.909	0.924
	VS + RB + BG	0.860	0.847	0.813	0.887	0.912	0.891	0.832	0.847	0.870	0.817	0.913	0.926
3 h in advance
XGBoost	VS + RB	0.857	0.888	0.935	0.828	0.946	0.959	0.703	0.766	0.842	0.658	0.842	0.840
	VS + RB + BG	0.863	0.873	0.886	0.858	0.957	0.950	0.807	0.836	0.881	0.778	0.924	0.911
LR	VS + RB	0.838	0.864	0.905	0.815	0.919	0.943	0.775	0.793	0.815	0.758	0.856	0.876
	VS + RB + BG	0.835	0.847	0.875	0.828	0.905	0.898	0.835	0.846	0.862	0.823	0.909	0.924

VS represents vital signs; VS + RB represents vital signs + routine blood; VS + RB + BG represents vital signs + routine blood + blood gas analysis. AUPRC, area under the precision-recall curve; AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; BG, blood gas; RB, routine blood; VS, vital signs.