Table 2.
Distribution of the basic characteristics.
|
|
Characteristics | Positive cases (N=8,827) | Negative cases (N=11,126) | P valuea |
| Demographics | ||||
|
|
Gender, n (%), male | 5,251 (59.49) | 6174 (55.49) | <.001 |
|
|
Age, mean (SD), years | 60.21 (11.88) | 59.73 (11.94) | .005 |
|
|
Years_after_hypertension, mean (SD), years | 6.25 (5.64) | 6.78 (5.27) | <.001 |
| Lifestyle (current or previous), n (%) | ||||
|
|
Smoking | 768 (8.70) | 1233 (11.08) | <.001 |
|
|
Drink | 1000 (11.33) | 1643 (14.77) | <.001 |
| Family history, n (%) | ||||
|
|
FAM_hypertension | 239 (2.71) | 489 (4.40) | <.001 |
|
|
FAM_diabetes | 57 (0.65) | 116 (1.04) | .002 |
| Physical examination, mean (SD) | ||||
|
|
SBPb, mmHg | 133.76 (13.42) | 131.33 (10.02) | <.001 |
|
|
DBPc, mmHg | 81.93 (9.56) | 80.17 (7.45) | <.001 |
|
|
PPDd, mmHg | 52.16 (10.59) | 51.15 (8.81) | <.001 |
| Trend characteristics, mean (SD) | ||||
|
|
N_followup_1year | 4.13 (3.66) | 5.89 (3.84) | <.001 |
|
|
SBP_max, mmHg | 140.29 (14.56) | 142.77 (13.46) | <.001 |
|
|
SBP_min, mmHg | 127.17 (14.09) | 122.81 (10.21) | <.001 |
|
|
SBP_mean mmHg | 133.20 (11.58) | 131.75 (7.90) | <.001 |
|
|
DBP_max, mmHg | 86.47 (9.69) | 89.10 (8.51) | <.001 |
|
|
DBP_min, mmHg | 76.67 (10.16) | 73.42 (7.36) | <.001 |
|
|
DBP_mean, mmHg | 81.35 (8.17) | 80.71 (5.80) | <.001 |
|
|
PPD_max, mmHg | 58.41 (12.02) | 61.48 (10.83) | <.001 |
|
|
PPD_min, mmHg | 46.01 (11.05) | 41.69 (8.28) | <.001 |
|
|
PPD_mean, mmHg | 51.89 (8.75) | 51.04 (6.26) | <.001 |
|
|
HRe_max, times/min | 78.57 (7.08) | 79.57 (7.11) | <.001 |
|
|
HR_min, times/min | 74.29 (6.68) | 72.97 (5.97) | <.001 |
|
|
SBP_delta_mean, mmHg | 4.37 (3.53) | 4.01 (3.17) | <.001 |
|
|
DBP_delta_mean, mmHg | 3.46 (2.44) | 3.24 (2.10) | <.001 |
|
|
PPD_delta_mean, mmHg | 4.30 (3.08) | 4.04 (2.68) | <.001 |
|
|
HR_delta_mean, times/min | 1.23 (1.83) | 1.08 (1.51) | <.001 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||
|
|
Prior cardiovascular diseases | 176 (1.99) | 11 (0.1) | <.001 |
|
|
Atrial fibrillation | 53 (0.6) | 16 (0.14) | <.001 |
|
|
Atherosclerosis | 488 (5.53) | 358 (3.22) | <.001 |
|
|
sleep disorder | 99 (1.12) | 475 (4.27) | <.001 |
|
|
Dizziness and headache | 1094 (12.39) | 1804 (16.21) | <.001 |
|
|
Malaise and fatigue | 6 (0.07) | 55 (0.49) | <.001 |
|
|
Giddiness | 9 (0.10) | 55 (0.49) | <.001 |
|
|
Migraine | 7 (0.08) | 38 (0.34) | <.001 |
|
|
Antihypertensive treatment | 8551 (96.87) | 10905 (98.01) | <.001 |
|
|
Lipid-lowering drug | 1123 (12.72) | 1046 (9.40) | <.001 |
aPearson chi-square test was applied.
bSBP: systolic blood pressure.
cDBP: diastolic blood pressure.
dPPD: pulse pressure difference.
eHR: heart rate.