Table 3.
Characteristics of images.
| Category | Total (n=1563), n | Bedding present, n (%)a | Bed-sharing, n (%) | Posedb, n (%) | No baby present, n (%) | Location unknown, n (%) | |||
| Images consistent with AAPc guidelines | 117 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 95 (81.20) | 0 (0) | |||
| Images inconsistent with AAP guidelines | 1446 | 1173 (81.12) | 66 (4.56) | 167 (11.55) | 332 (22.96) | 572 (39.56) | |||
| Images with sleeping infant present | 1134 | 845 (74.51) | 66 (5.82) | 174 (15.34) | 0 (0) | 662 (58.38) | |||
| Images with no sleeping infant present | 429 | 328 (76.46) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 429 (100) | 1 (0.23) | |||
| Images with infant in sleep position inconsistent with AAP guidelines | 479 | 387 (80.79) | 28 (5.85) | 122 (25.47) | 0 (0) | 254 (53.03) | |||
|
|
Supine | 488 | 406 (83.20) | 31 (6.35) | 45 (9.22) | 0 (0) | 299 (61.27) | ||
|
|
Side | 222 | 192 (86.49) | 16 (7.21) | 36 (16.22) | 0 (0) | 127 (57.21) | ||
|
|
Prone | 156 | 131 (83.97) | 10 (6.41) | 52 (33.33) | 0 (0) | 27 (17.31) | ||
|
|
Sitting/upright | 101 | 64 (63.37) | 2 (1.98) | 34 (33.66) | 0 (0) | 27 (26.73) | ||
|
|
Held by an awake adult | 169 | 54 (31.95) | 7 (4.14) | 7 (4.14) | 0 (0) | 110 (65.09) | ||
| Images of an infant sleep location inconsistent with AAP guidelines | 162 | 103 (63.58) | 12 (7.41) | 18 (11.11) | 1 (0.62) | 0 (0) | |||
|
|
Crib | 422 | 326 (77.25) | 2 (0.47) | 5 (1.18) | 333 (78.91) | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
Bassinet/Moses basket | 150 | 113 (75.33) | 1 (0.67) | 5 (3.33) | 82 (54.67) | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
Bed (any size) | 128 | 116 (90.63) | 31 (24.22) | 18 (14.06) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
Sitting device | 90 | 47 (52.22) | 1 (1.11) | 14 (15.56) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
Ground | 31 | 20 (64.52) | 2 (6.45) | 4 (12.90) | 1 (3.23) | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
Couch/sofa/cushioned armchair | 55 | 40 (72.73) | 11 (20.00) | 4 (7.27) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
In-bed co-sleeper, positioner, or dock | 17 | 16 (94.12) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.88) | 0 (0) | ||
|
|
Location unidentifiable | 670 | 491 (73.28) | 18 (2.69) | 124 (18.51) | 1 (0.15) | 670 (100) | ||
| Images of sleeping infant on the same surface as another sleeping person or animal | 65 | 60 (92.31) | 65 (100) | 4 (6.15) | 0 (0) | 18 (27.69) | |||
|
|
Sharing with adult | 37 | 33 (89.19) | 37 (100) | 1 (2.70) | 0 (0) | 6 (16.22) | ||
|
|
Sharing with child | 21 | 20 (95.24) | 21 (100) | 3 (14.29) | 0 (0) | 8 (38.10) | ||
|
|
Sharing with animal | 7 | 7 (100.00) | 7 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (42.86) | ||
| Images with bedding present | 1173 | 1173 (100) | 61 (5.20) | 139 (11.85) | 319 (27.20) | 491 (41.86) | |||
|
|
Unswaddled blankets | 832 | 832 (100) | 45 (5.41) | 95 (11.42) | 177 (21.27) | 376 (45.19) | ||
|
|
Bumpers | 146 | 146 (100) | 2 (1.37) | 7 (4.79) | 82 (56.16) | 15 (10.27) | ||
|
|
Pillows | 536 | 536 (100) | 34 (6.34) | 62 (11.57) | 185 (34.51) | 187 (34.89) | ||
|
|
Other bedding | 331 | 331 (100) | 9 (2.72) | 54 (16.31) | 114 (34.44) | 126 (38.07) | ||
| Images with infant head covered | 191 | 156 (81.68) | 6 (3.14) | 55 (28.80) | 0 (0) | 12 (6.28) | |||
| Images with potential strangulation risk | 196 | 162 (82.65) | 8 (4.08) | 80 (40.82) | 0 (0) | 140 (71.43) | |||
| Images with swaddled infant | 116 | 94 (81.03) | 9 (7.76) | 41 (35.34) | 0 (0) | 75 (64.66) | |||
| Images with posed infantb | 174 | 139 (79.89) | 4 (2.30) | 174 (100) | 0 (0) | 123 (70.69) | |||
| Images with pacifier | 98 | 69 (70.41) | 7 (7.14) | 3 (3.06) | 0 (0) | 52 (53.06) | |||
aAll percentages are row percentages, with the total images in that category as the denominator.
bImages with posed infant refer to images of infants that were obviously posed and did not represent true sleep environments (eg, flowerpots).
cAAP: American Academy of Pediatrics.