Table 2.

Themes and quotes based on Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability domains.

NASSSa domain	Theme	Provider quote	Patient quote
Domain 1: Condition or illness	Patient suitability	“The patient population here tends to really need a lot of hand holding and a lot of TLCb.”	“…made the treatment a heck of a lot easier, because I remembered to take the pills on time.”
Domain 2: Technology	Knowledge, support features, and functionality; patient-generated data	“It took me a little while to familiarize myself because the training versus actually doing it yourself, you know, there’s a learning curve…”	“It meets my needs and probably in the future, as my conditions change or my needs increase, it will be there.”
Domain 3: Value proposition	Supply-side and demand-side values	“We’re actually really excited to use it with our patients. This is something that we had talked about doing or developing something like this…”	“…would tend to get a little overwhelmed at times, but Annie helped alleviate that.”
Domain 4: Adopter system	Staffing, roles, and skills; complex decisions	“I thought a lot of people are going to be able to participate but I guess when we started offering…some patients don’t, I guess they’re not used to it, most the patients that I offer decline to participate.”	“I don’t even know who would be doing it. Would it be the doctor? Or the nurses, or? Whose responsibility would it be to actually implement that? So, I don’t know how practical that would actually be, but I think it would be better if they did gear it more toward that individual patient and whatever problems they’re having.”
Domain 5: Organization	Leadership and readiness to innovate; workflows and routines	“Whenever you’re using new technology and new approaches with the technology component it’s just good to have somebody that you can, who’s very responsive and can find out the answer for you in a timely fashion…”	“And my understanding was this was to alleviate a lot of paperwork. They just send me a text message and that way I can write it in my date book or keep it in my phone till the time for the appointment.”
Domains 6 and 7: Wider context and embedding; adaptation over time	Fiscal interoperability, digitalization, and marketing	“But in order for this to work this has to be easy for the provider and easy for the Veteran. Otherwise, it’s not gonna work, it’s not gonna help, we’re not going to be effective.”	“I use Annie for other medications as well…I just group them all in together.”

^aNASSS: Nonadoption, Abandonment, Scale-up, Spread, and Sustainability.

^bTLC: tender loving care.