Table 5.

Internet of medical things technologies for adaptive assistive mobility devices.

Name of framework	Management system or algorithms	Contributions and functions	Drawbacks
NBRa system framework [79]	Modified linear quadratic Gaussian algorithm	Distributes the control of a mobility device between the patient’s side and the physiotherapist’s side; brings convenience to patients and therapists	Only simulations and experiments have been conducted.
Global concept SEESb framework [64]	Intelligent transportation system	Designed to address the walking and orientation problem; functions: user tracking, sending of emergency error or alert messages to patients with visual impairment, obstacle detection, walked distance estimation, surface roughness estimation, and traffic light detection	Only one simple experiment has been conducted.
SHSc framework [80]	Hybrid sensing network, the IoTd smart gateway, and the user interfaces for data visualization and management	Monitoring and tracking of patients, personnel, and biomedical devices in real time; collecting both environmental conditions and patient’s physiological parameters and delivering them to a control center	Use-case scenario testing has not been conducted except for fall detection of 1 patient.
ROSe framework [81]	Navigation, localization, and pick and place algorithm	For the cooperation among SWCf and RWg; for the user to be able to interact with and control the SWC as well as any object connected to the RW	At present, the whole architecture has been tested in simulation only.

^aNBR: network-based rehabilitation system.

^bSEES: Smart Environment Explorer Stick.

^cSHS: smart health care system.

^dIoT: internet of things.

^eROS: robotic operating system.

^fSWC: smart wheelchairs.

^gRW: robotic workstations.