Table 1. Prevalence rates of L.infantum in dogs determined by IFAT (1:80) and PCR according to the locality.
| Studied locality (Governorate) | Geographic Coordinates | Bioclimatic zones (annual rainfall) | Agricultural landscape and natural vegetation | IFAT positive dogs/ tested dogs seroprevalence % [95%CI] | PCR positive/tested dogs prevalence % [95%CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zaga (Béja) |
36°55’20.41" N
8°59’30.6"E |
Humid (950 mm). | Rural. Mountainous site with oaks, river whose water used to irrigate vegetable crops and tobacco. Cattle breeding | 33/46 71.7 [58.7–84.7] |
6/44 13.6 [3.5–23.7] |
| Utique (Bizerte) |
37° 6’36.68"N
10° 1’18.74"E |
Sub-humid (600 mm) | Rural. Hilly, grain cultivation, cattle breeding | 18/31 58 [40.7–75.4] |
8/31 25.8 [10.4–41.2] |
| Tunis | 36°51’52.1"N 10°10’53.2"E |
Higher semi-arid (450 mm) | Peri-urban. Small home gardens | 14/32 43.7 [26.5–60.9] |
9/29 31 [14.2–47.8] |
| Sômaa (Nabeul) | 36°32’31.7"N 10°46’50.6"E |
Middle Semi-arid (costal) (450 mm) | Rural. Agricultural, primarily citrus trees and market gardening. Very few cattle | 26/33 78.8 [64.8–92.7] |
9/32 28.1 [12.5–43.7] |
| Beni Darraj (Zaghouan) | 36°24’6.53"N 10°15’40.02"E |
Middle Semi-arid (continental) (400 mm) | Rural. Flatlands, grain production. Cattle and sheep breeding | 22/29 75.8 [60.3–91.4] |
7/27 26 [9.4–42.4] |
| Moknine (Monastir) | 35°36’13.84"N 10°53’27.40"E |
Lower semi-arid (250 mm) | Rural. Coastal, relatively low, olives trees. Poultry | 25/50 50 [36.1–63.8] |
10/48 20.8 [9.3–32.3] |
| Zaafrana (Kairouan) | 35°32’41.74"N 10° 4’27.35"E |
Higher arid (250 mm) | Rural. Plains, olive, and other fruit trees. Sheep and poultry farming | 44/52 84.6 [74.8–94.4] |
12/50 24 [12.16–35.8] |
| Thyna (Sfax) | 34°39’29.95"N 10°40’7.18"E |
Middle arid (200 mm) | Rural. Lowland, olive trees. Poultry farming | 3/44 6.8 [0–14.3] |
3/41 7.3 [0–15.3] |
| Total |
185/317 58.3 [52.9–63.8] |
64/302 21.2 [16.6–25.8] |